First, the structure of the electrostatic precipitator
The electrostatic precipitator is the electrostatic precipitator, which is a dust removal device used in thermal power plants, boilers, etc. It is used to remove particulate soot from the flue gas of coal-fired or oil-fired boilers.
The main structure of the electrostatic precipitator is a steel structure, which is all welded by section steel. The outer surface is covered with skin (thin steel plate) and thermal insulation materials. Corona wire, porcelain insulating support, quartz insulating tube, corona wire rapping device, cathode plate rapping device, corona wire hanging hammer, inlet shunt plate, outlet shunt plate, ash discharge device and other components.
Second, what is the working principle of electrostatic precipitator
The principle of electrostatic precipitator is mainly to use high-voltage electric field to adsorb charged dust , to separate the dust from the dust-containing gas to achieve the purpose of dust removal. The specific working principle is as follows:
When the flue gas passes through the flue in front of the main structure of the electrostatic precipitator, the smoke and dust are positively charged, Then the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator channel with multi-layer cathode plates. Due to the mutual adsorption between the positively charged soot and the cathode plates, the particulate soot in the flue gas is adsorbed on the cathode, and the cathode plate is hit regularly to make it have a certain thickness. The smoke and dust fall into the ash hopper under the structure of the electrostatic precipitator under the dual action of self-weight and vibration, and the smoke and dust in the flue gas can be removed.
Three, the working process of electrostatic precipitator
The dust removal process of electrostatic precipitator is divided into four basic stages:
1. Gas ionization and corona generation
A high DC voltage is applied between the discharge electrode and the dust collecting electrode to form a strong electric field near the corona electrode, and the Corona discharge, the ionization of the air in the corona area, produces a large number of negative and positive ions.
2. Dust charge
In the corona area near the discharge electrode, positive ions are immediately attracted by the surface of the corona electrode and lose their charge; free The electrons and negative ions are driven and diffused by the electric field, and move to the dust collecting electrode, so there are free electrons and negative ions in most of the space between the two poles. Free electrons and negative ions collide and combine to achieve dust charging.
3. Dust deposition
Under the action of the electric field Coulomb force, the charged dust is driven to the dust collecting electrode, and after a period of time, it reaches the collecting electrode. On the surface of the dust electrode, the charged charge is released and deposited on the surface to form a thin layer of dust.
4. Cleaning
When the dust collects on the surface of the dust collecting electrode to a certain thickness, the deposited dust should be removed by mechanical vibration and other methods. , and cleaning should be carried out after a certain period of time.
