What’s the matter with “hypothermia”? Is it really that powerful? That’s right! If people are exposed to the outdoors for a long time, they will suffer from “hypothermia” when they are attacked by cold wind, cold rain and insufficient heat preservation. If the rescue is not timely, it can really be fatal. Today, I would like to invite experts from the 120 Beijing Emergency Center to talk to you about the first aid knowledge of hypothermia.
Two “masterminds” cause hypothermia
hypothermia, also known as hypothermia.
The normal body temperature of a person is 37??, but if the human body is exposed to a cold environment for a long time without keeping warm measures, the core body temperature will drop below 35??.
If the body temperature falls below 35??C, the situation can seriously lead to death, and this situation is more common in the elderly and newborns. According to experts from the 120 Beijing Emergency Center, there are two main reasons for the human body to suffer from hypothermia:
The exposure type of hypothermia mainly occurs during outdoor activities, especially when the weather is volatile In the wild, it is also possible that the traveler is lost or injured. In a cold environment, without proper insulation, heat is gradually lost, and there is no food supply, hypothermia will occur.
The immersion type of hypothermia is also well understood, that is, in all weather conditions, the body is immersed in water for too long, resulting in rapid loss of heat. This hypothermia occurs very quickly because the body loses heat 25 times faster in water than in air.
First aid experts pointed out that if the water temperature drops below 10??C and there is no thermal protection equipment, the human body will lose its ability to save itself after 30 minutes, such as Jack in “Titanic”.
Seeing this, it is not difficult for us to understand that under the double raid of freezing rain and sudden drop in temperature, the off-road participants in this distress did not have enough cold protection equipment and shelter, and soon they lost their lives. There is a danger of hypothermia.
Prepare to avoid 4 roadblocks in outdoor sports
How to judge that you have fallen into the threat of hypothermia? Hypothermia can cause tremors, slurred speech, strange behavior, blurred vision, dilated pupils, loss of direction and coordination, heart and lung failure, and even death.
According to reports, when the body temperature drops to 32??C, the body will enter a state of severe hypothermia of “hibernation”, shutting down the blood flow in the arms and legs, and sharply reducing the heartbeat and breathing rate. . When the body temperature drops to 30??C, the body’s metabolism almost stops, and an “Iceman” state appears, losing consciousness and appearing to be dead.
In outdoor extreme sports, “hypothermia” can be said to be a stumbling block. This kind of exercise makes the human body consume a lot of energy, especially in high-altitude areas, which is more challenging to the body, and it is easy to induce various diseases and adverse reactions of the body. At this time, if the extreme weather is encountered again, it will be even worse. First aid experts suggest that adequate preparations should be made before exercising and outdoor work:
1. In a cold and humid environment, choose a sweat-wicking and quick-drying fabric for the base coat, which can quickly remove the skin Moisture, the jacket is made of windproof and cold-resistant materials.
2. Keep your body healthy, do physical exercise regularly, and choose high-calorie foods in a cold and humid environment.
3. Before field activities, prepare items such as chemical heating bags and thermometers, just in case.
4. Know your physical condition, know your limits, and avoid physical exhaustion.
If you suffer from hypothermia, remember these 5 steps to save your life
If someone around you suffers from hypothermia, how to give first aid? Expert tips, see the following 5 steps:
Warm—— Move the patient indoors Move the patient to a warm room, remove wet clothing from the patient, and put on dry, thick clothing to keep warm.
Hot —— To warm the body to warm the important parts, you can use electric blankets, warm water bags, etc. If there is no condition, you can directly use the body temperature to warm the patient.
Drinking —— Hydration Give the patient some warm water to help the patient raise their body temperature, but not drink, especially alcoholic beverages.
Dry——Keep dry After the patient’s body temperature rises, pay close attention to the patient’s physical condition, be sure to change sweaty clothes and quilts, and keep the body dry.
Severe hypothermia patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation may stop breathing and heartbeat. At this time, emergency measures such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation are required, and the emergency number 120 should be dialed in time to wait for rescue.
In the event of cardiac arrest, the golden rescue time is 4 minutes. First, judge the patient’s consciousness and check his breathing.
Release the patient’s collar and belt
and begin chest compressions. At the midpoint of the line between the two nipples, press the heels of the palms against the patient’s chest, overlap the hands, and straighten the arms. Use the upper body to press hard for 30 times, at a frequency of at least 100 times per minute, and at a depth of at least 5 cm.
Open the airway and give artificial respiration. Every 30 times the heart is pressed, artificial respiration is performed 2 times. From the beginning of cardiac compression to the end of ventilation, the operation is carried out for 5 cycles. After finishing, judge whether the resuscitation is effective. If the carotid artery pulse continues after the compression is stopped, it means that the patient’s spontaneous heartbeat has recovered. If the patient cannot or is unwilling to give artificial respiration, early compressions alone are equally effective. For patients who have recovered their heartbeat, they should continue to monitor and wait for emergency personnel to arrive on the scene for further rescue.