Power saving tips for household appliances
1. TV
1. Choose a TV of an appropriate size to save electricity and protect your eyes. Choose a TV of an appropriate size according to the size of the family and the size of the room. A large-sized TV consumes a lot of power and has a long viewing distance; on the contrary, if there are few rooms and few people watching, you can choose a TV with a smaller size.
2. Control the brightness of the TV screen. When the TV is in use, controlling the brightness of the TV screen is a way to save electricity. Excessive brightness will not only consume a lot of power, but also easily reduce the life of the machine, and it is not good for people’s eyesight. There is a 60 watt difference in power consumption between color TVs at their brightest and darkest levels.
3. When the TV is not watching, the power plug should be unplugged. After some TVs are turned off, the picture tube still has filaments preheating. Especially after the remote control TV is turned off, the whole machine is in a standby state and is still in use electricity. Under normal circumstances, 10 hours of standby time is equivalent to consuming half a kilowatt-hour of electricity.
4. The volume of the TV is too loud and the electricity is used too much. Every 1 watt of audio power increases the power consumption by 3-4 watts, and it is easy to generate noise if the volume is too high.
5. When watching video discs, it is best to be in AV state. Because in the AV state, the signal is directly connected, reducing the work of the TV tuner, and the power consumption is naturally reduced.
6. It is best to cover the TV with a dust cover to prevent the TV from inhaling dust. Too much dust may cause leakage, which not only increases power consumption, but also affects the quality of images and audio.
2. Rice cookers
1. Rational use of rice cookers Cover with a towel, taking care not to cover the air vents to reduce heat loss. After the rice soup boils, lift the button, use the residual heat of the electric heating plate to steam the rice soup dry, press the button again, and simmer for 15 minutes before eating.
2. Try to choose a rice cooker with high power, because for cooking the same amount of rice, a 700-watt rice cooker saves electricity than a 500-watt rice cooker. It takes 30 minutes to cook 1 kilogram of rice with a 500-watt rice cooker and consumes 0.25 kWh of electricity; while a 700-watt rice cooker takes about 20 minutes and consumes only 0.23 kWh of electricity. A high-power rice cooker saves time. Power saving.
3. Regularly clean the electric heating plate of the rice cooker, keep the electric heating plate of the rice cooker clean, and prevent the oily dirt attached to the electric heating plate from carbonizing and forming a film for a long time, which will affect the thermal conductivity and increase the power consumption.
4. Use the residual heat of the electric heating plate. When the red light of the rice cooker goes out and the yellow light is on, it means that the rice is cooked. You can turn off the power switch and use the residual heat of the electric heating plate to keep the rice warm for about 10 minutes.
5. Avoid peak electricity consumption. For a rice cooker of the same power, when the voltage is lower than 10% of its rated value, the electricity consumption time needs to be extended by about 12%. When the electricity consumption peaks, it is best not to use the rice cooker or less.
Third, electric fans
1. To purchase high-quality products. Due to the low technical threshold of the fan industry and uneven products on the market, we must choose products from well-known brands to ensure quality. Some fans all use fully enclosed motors and aviation lubricants, so that the friction when the fan is running will be less, and the power consumption will be less.
2. Try to use an electric fan to cool down. The fan can directly convert electrical energy into kinetic energy, and the power consumption is very low. The maximum power is only 60 watts, which is quite the power consumption of ordinary lighting desk lamps. Therefore, to save energy, the use of fans in midsummer is undoubtedly the best choice. The fan is used together with the air conditioner, and the temperature of the air conditioner is set at 26-28 ℃, which saves electricity and money.
3. Switch the electric fan from high gear to low gear. Generally, fans with larger blades have higher electric power and consume more electric energy. The power consumption of electric fans is proportional to the speed of the blades. Usually, open the fast gear first, and use the slow gear after cooling down, so as to reduce the number of electric fans. of power consumption. In the case that the air volume meets the requirements of use, try to use the medium or slow gear. It is estimated that this alone can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1.08 million tons a year and save a total of 414,000 tons of standard coal.
4. The fan is best placed beside the door and window. When in use, the fan is best placed next to the door and window to facilitate air circulation, improve the cooling effect, shorten the use time and reduce power consumption.
Four. Washing machine
1. The laundry time should be determined according to the quantity of clothes and the degree of soiling: generally Synthetic fibers and woolen fabrics, wash 2-4 minutes; cotton and linen fabrics, wash 5-8 minutes; very dirty clothes, wash 10-12 minutes. The rinsing time after washing is about 3-4 minutes. A corresponding reduction in laundry time not only saves electricity, but also extends the life of the washing machine and clothes.
2. Select the function switch of the washing machine reasonably. The washing machine has three washing functions: strong, medium and weak, and its power consumption is also different. Generally, high-grade fabrics such as silk and wool are only suitable for weak washing; cotton, blended, chemical fiber, polyester and other fabrics are often washed in medium; only thick pile blankets, sofas, canvases and other fabrics are washed in strong. After washing the clothes for the first time, it is best to wring it out and squeeze out the dirty water, which can shorten the rinsing time and save electricity.
3. It is best to use the centralized washing method when washing, that is, a bucket of detergent is used to wash several batches of clothes continuously, and the washing powder can be added appropriately, and then rinsed one by one after all washing, which can save electricity and also Save time in washing machine.
4. After the washing machine is used for a period of time, the belt pulsator that drives the washing machine tends to slip. When the belt slips, the power consumption of the washing machine will not decrease. But the effect of washing is worse. If the belt of the washing machine is tightened, it will restore its original effect, thus achieving the purpose of saving electricity.
Using low-foaming washing powder can save electricity, and there is no necessary relationship between the amount of washing powder and the cleaning ability. High-quality low-foam laundry detergent has a very high decontamination ability, but it is very easy to rinse, generally 1-2 times less rinsing time than high-foam laundry detergent.
5. When soaking, washing and rinsing, separate light-colored clothes from dark-colored clothes, and proceed in order from light to dark. This not only prevents dark clothes from dyeing light-colored clothes, but also selects the washing time according to the degree of soiling, which is conducive to saving electricity.
V. Refrigerator
1. Avoid repeated freezing of food Servings are packaged separately and take out only one serving at a time, instead of having to take a large piece of food out of the refrigerator and put it back when you run out. Avoid wasting electricity and destroying food by repeatedly freezing.
2. Thaw the food in advance. Before going to get off work, move the food to be eaten that day from the freezer to the refrigerator. The food will be thawed when you get off work. The freezer of the refrigerator can use the thawed air to keep the environment low temperature, saving consumption Electricity.
3. Reasonable selection of refrigerators The average volume of household refrigerators is about 50 liters per person, and a family of 3-4 can choose a refrigerator of about 150-220 liters.
4. Choose energy-saving refrigerators Energy-saving refrigerators have good thermal insulation performance and low power consumption. A 268-liter energy-saving refrigerator can save about 2,000 in electricity bills during its lifespan.
5. Refrigerator placement and environment The refrigerator should be placed in a location with low ambient temperature and good ventilation, away from heat sources and direct sunlight. Appropriate space should be left on the left and right sides and the back when placing the refrigerator to facilitate heat dissipation.
6. Don’t put hot rice and hot water in the refrigerator, let it cool for a while before putting it in the refrigerator. Putting hot food into the refrigerator will increase the temperature in the refrigerator and increase the power consumption, and the heat of the food will also form frost deposits in the refrigerator.
7. Ensure the airtightness of the refrigerator freezer door. Ensure that the refrigerator freezer door seals well. When checking, a paper towel can be clipped when closing the door, if the paper towel can be pulled easily, the door of the refrigerator or freezer needs to be readjusted.
8. Minimize the number of times the refrigerator door is opened because the cold air escapes and the hot air enters when the refrigerator door is opened, which requires energy consumption to cool down.
9. The food in the refrigerator should not be placed too much, and the food in the refrigerator should not be placed too much or too crowded, especially the square packaged food should not be full, and the stored food is between each other A certain gap should be left to facilitate air circulation.
10. The temperature in the refrigerator should be properly selected according to the stored food, such as the refrigerating temperature of fresh meat and fresh fish is about -1℃, the refrigerating temperature of eggs and milk is about 3℃, and the refrigerating temperature of vegetables and fruits is about 3℃. The temperature is around 5°C.
11. The temperature of the refrigerator is different in different seasons. The temperature adjustment controller of the refrigerator is the key to saving electricity. The temperature adjustment knob is generally adjusted to “4” in summer and “1” in winter.
12. To thaw the frozen food, move the food to the freezer compartment of the refrigerator first. The food placed in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator can be transferred to the freezer compartment of the refrigerator to melt gradually before eating, so that the cold energy can be transferred to the freezer compartment, which can save electrical energy.
13. Defrosting the refrigerator in time, saving electricity and durability. When the frost in the freezer is too thick, the cooling effect will be weakened. Defrost should be carried out when food is placed to reduce the number of door openings. After defrosting the refrigerator, let it dry first, otherwise it will freeze again immediately, which also consumes power. Refrigerator frost thickness exceeds 6 mm should be defrosted.
14. Food packaging Food in the refrigerator and freezer can be packaged in plastic bags or plastic wrap, on the one hand to avoid drying, and on the other hand to prevent moisture from forming frost.
15. It is best to make ice cubes and cold drinks in the evening in summer. The temperature at night is lower, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the condenser, and the frost door is less open at night to store food, and the compressor has a shorter working time, saving electricity.
16. Unscrew the light bulb in the refrigerator room. In the room with better light, the lighting in the refrigerator can be unscrewed, which not only saves electricity but also reduces the power consumption due to the temperature rise of the light.
Six. Microwave ovens
1. The power of microwave ovens is generally 750 watts or 850 watts, although it is not considered a home However, due to frequent use, the power consumption is also considerable. If you are good at calculating, you can save power. Although the power of the microwave oven is only about 850 watts, due to the large starting current, it can generally reach about 1000 watts when starting. Therefore, when using a microwave oven, it is necessary to master the cooking time of various dishes. Those that can be cooked in 10 minutes, do not need 15 minutes, and reduce the number of times of shutting down and watching, so that one start, that is, the cooking is completed. In order to reduce the number of switches, 2 to 3 containers can be placed on the turntable at the same time, and the startup setting time can be increased by 1-2 minutes.
2. Microwave ovens are suitable for heating and defrosting food. Refer to microwave recipes for cooking and saving electricity. Sealed food should be opened before placing it in the microwave to reheat. Before cooking food, you can spray a little water on the surface of the food to improve the efficiency of the microwave oven and save electricity. Read the microwave oven operation manual carefully to improve energy efficiency.
Seven. Air Conditioning
1. Air conditioning is the “king” of electricity consumption in summer homes. When using air conditioners for cooling, install thicker curtains and open less doors and windows to reduce the impact of sunlight and heat. In addition, keep the air-conditioning outlet pipe unobstructed, and clean the air-conditioning filter once every two weeks to ensure that the air supply port is unobstructed and reduce the loss caused by blockage.
2. The critical point of human body temperature is 33℃. If it is higher than 33℃, it will feel hot, but if it is lower than 33℃, it will feel cold. When the relative humidity of the air is 50% and the temperature is 25°C, the human body feels the most comfortable. According to estimates, when the central air conditioner is turned on for cooling, raising the room temperature by 1°C can save more than 10% of electricity, and this slight change does not affect the comfort of the human body. When the household air conditioner is used for refrigeration, if the indoor temperature is set between 25°C and 28°C, the power consumption will be reduced by about 6% compared with the state lower than 25°C, and the power saving effect is very obvious.
3. The air conditioner consumes the most power when it starts up. The timing function should be fully utilized, so that the air conditioner does not have to run all night, and it can keep the room cool. For example, starting from 12 o’clock in the evening, set 4 hours. Families who buy new air conditioners should prefer inverter air conditioners, which can reach the indoor set temperature in a short time, and the compressor will not be turned on frequently, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and cooling.
4. According to professionals, cleaning the air conditioner once can save 4% to 5% of electricity; if the set temperature of the air conditioner is increased by 1°C, it can save energy by about 10%. If the household air conditioner is calculated according to 1.5 kilowatts, if the air conditioner is turned on for 8 hours a day, the electricity consumption of the air conditioner is about 12 degrees a day. If it is used for 100 days in a summer, the electricity consumption of the air conditioner can reach 1200 degrees, and the electricity can be saved by more than 200 degrees in one summer.
5. Dust and other pollutants in the ventilation ducts on the air conditioner block the ventilation openings, which will reduce the cooling efficiency. After cleaning, the air volume can be increased by 10% to achieve energy-saving effect, so when using air conditioners in summer, special attention should be paid to cleaning.
6. In addition to the above precautions, the installation of the air conditioner should try to choose a shaded room or the shaded side of the room to avoid direct sunlight on the air conditioner. Add a sunshade to the device. In the air-conditioned room, it is best to hang a thicker curtain, which can prevent the exchange of hot and cold air between indoor and outdoor.
7. The connecting pipes between the indoor and outdoor units of the split air conditioner should be as short as possible, and thermal insulation should be done to reduce power consumption.
8. In addition, there are some small details in the use of the air conditioner that should be paid attention to:
(1) During the operation of the air conditioner, if it feels too cold, there is no need to turn it off, just adjust the set temperature. high.
(2) The air-conditioning panel should be lowered as far as possible when heating, and the air-conducting panel should be level during cooling, which can promote indoor air-conditioning circulation.
(3) The air conditioning filter should be cleaned frequently, otherwise the clogging of the mesh cover will also affect the cooling effect.
(4) The compressor should not be started frequently, and it must be turned on after 2-3 minutes after shutdown, otherwise it will easily cause the compressor to burn out due to overloading, and it will cost electricity.
Eighth. Electric water heaters
1. The weather is hot in summer. As people’s demand for bathing increases, electric water heaters are used It is more frequent, and the proportion of electricity in the whole household is also higher. First of all, when purchasing electric water heaters, try to choose products with better energy-saving effect. Generally speaking, the products of large manufacturers are of good quality and good reputation, and they also pay special attention to energy conservation. Electric water heaters, like refrigerators and air conditioners, are major household power consumers. Although the country has not yet issued energy efficiency standards for electric water heaters, leading manufacturers attach great importance to the research and development of energy-saving technologies for electric water heaters. For example, brand water heaters have ten energy-saving technologies such as energy-saving frequency conversion, smart timing, night power saving, sleep function, energy-saving and replacement-free, excess hot water output, high-efficiency insulation layer, and medium-temperature insulation, which deduces water heater energy saving to a new level.
2. Secondly, when using the electric water heater, it is also necessary to make full use of its various functions. Turn on the medium temperature insulation function and keep the water temperature between 45-50 degrees, which can minimize the heat energy loss caused by the heat exchange between the hot water and the outside world. When the hot water needs to be used, it can also be used at any time without waiting for the cold water to heat. It is more convenient to arrive at the hot water time; turn on half-price electric heating at night, and in areas where the policy of half-price electricity at night is implemented, turn on the half-price electricity during the half-price electricity period, store heat and keep warm, and automatically shut down during peak hours, which can reduce electricity expenses by nearly 50%; , it is best for a family to choose to bathe in sequence at the same time, so that heating is faster and electricity consumption is less.
3. The use of electric water heaters should try to avoid the peak time of electricity consumption. In summer, the thermostat can be lowered, and the use of showers instead of bathtubs can reduce the cost by two-thirds.
4. If you often need to use the hot water in your home every day, and the water heater has a good thermal insulation effect, then you should keep the water heater powered on all the time and set it to the thermal insulation state, because the electricity used for thermal insulation for one day is not enough. , using less electricity than heating a tank of cold water to the same temperature. This is not only very convenient to use hot water, but also can achieve the purpose of saving electricity.
9. Lighting lights
1. Although the price of energy-saving lamps is high, the luminous efficiency is high, the light is soft, and the longevity long and consume less power. A 14-watt energy-saving lamp is equivalent to the brightness of a 75-watt incandescent lamp and can save 75% of electricity.
2. Keep the light bulb and lampshade clean to improve the effect of light and reflection. When leaving the room, remember to turn off the lights. Peak and valley electricity users use home appliances after 10:00 pm, avoiding peak hours and saving money.
3. In addition, there is an effective energy-saving method (somewhat professional):
(1) Incandescent lamps, use a capacitor to connect the circuit in series, so as to avoid the bulb’s The starting current is also prevented, and the inrush current and overvoltage of the light bulb are prevented, so that the life of the light bulb is greatly improved; this method can also be used to reduce the pressure of the light bulb, which can double the life of the light bulb. The method is: according to its power to calculate the working current, and then calculate the capacitance value of the capacitor from the current.
(2) Energy-saving lamps are also connected in series with a capacitor in the circuit, so that the energy-saving lamps can work stably under the rated working current, and at the same time prevent the electronic devices from being burned out due to overvoltage. The possibility of components, so that the life has been greatly improved.
(3) The above two methods are mainly for cost reduction and overvoltage protection. Even when the zero line of the system is disconnected and the single-phase voltage reaches 380V, our electrical appliances can still work normally and stably. The calculation method is as follows:
Calculated current = lamp power/220V
Calculate the capacitance value of the capacitor according to the current: capacitance value = 14.5 × Calculated current (microfarads)
10. Induction cooker
1. The power of induction cookers on the market is between 800-1800W, and is divided into several gears. The higher the power, the faster the heating speed, but the power consumption is also more, and the price is higher. Therefore, the purchase should be determined according to the number of people dining and the usage. Generally speaking, families with less than 3 people choose below 1000W; 4-5 people choose about 1300W; 6-7 people choose 1600W; more than 8 people choose 1800W induction cooker.
2. The quality of the key components of the induction cooker depends on the quality of high-frequency high-power transistors and ceramic glass-ceramic panels. When purchasing, be sure to buy a high-speed, high-voltage, high-current induction cooker with a single high-power transistor, because of its good quality, excellent performance, high reliability, and not easy to damage. If several high-power transistors are used in series or in parallel, the induction cooker has many problems.
3. The panel must be an induction cooker with authentic ceramic glass-ceramic panel, which is characterized by: milky white, opaque, and the printing pattern on the touch panel has a concave and convex feel.
4. Protection function The optional induction cooker should have a variety of protection devices, including small object detection, overheating automatic shutdown protection, overvoltage or undervoltage automatic shutdown protection, automatic stop heating protection when empty, 2 hours Power-off protection, 1-2 minutes automatic shutdown protection, sound and light alarm display, etc. When purchasing, you should follow the relevant testing methods in the “Instruction Manual”, and test the machine to see if its protection function is working properly.
5. The price of the induction cooker is generally more expensive under the same power and protection function.
6. To test the electrical performance, add 0.5 kg of cold water with the matching pot, turn on the power supply, press the “heat” button, and heat it at room temperature for 4-5 minutes to boil it, indicating that the induction cooker is basically heated. normal. When the water boils, if you listen carefully, you should only hear the slight rotation of the fan motor, and there should be no abnormal noise or vibration. Finally, unplug the power plug and touch the power plug with your hand. It is normal temperature or slightly warm, indicating that the electrical performance of the induction cooker is good.
