How to deal with 7 common sports injuries and emergency treatment methods for sports and fitness accident
1. Scratch : The epidermis of the skin is scratched. If the scraped area is shallow, you only need to apply red syrup; if the scraped wound is dirty or oozing blood, apply normal saline to debride the wound and then apply red syrup or purple syrup.
2. Muscle strain: refers to the injury caused by tearing of muscle fibers. It is mainly caused by excessive exercise or insufficient warm-up. You can know the severity of the injury according to the degree of pain. Once pain occurs, stop exercising and exercise immediately, and apply ice or cold towel to the pain point for 30 minutes to make small blood vessels contract and reduce Local congestion and edema. Avoid rubbing and hot compresses.
Contusion: Tissue damage caused by a blunt blow to a part of the body. Mild injuries do not need special treatment. After 24 hours of cold compress treatment, the agent for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis can be used, and the local area can be applied with wound dampness and pain relief ointment. Apply cold compress on the first day after the injury and hot compress on the second day. It can be absorbed and disappeared after about a week. For heavier contusions, Yunnan Baiyao and liquor can be used to adjust the dressing and bandage the wound, change the dressing every other day, 2-3 times a day, and add physiotherapy.
3. Sprain: The ligaments and tendons attached to the outside of the joint are twisted due to sudden and violent twisting of the joint. It mostly occurs in the ankle joint, knee joint, wrist joint and waist. Sprains in different parts have different treatment methods.
1. Acute lumbar sprain: allow the patient to lie supine on a thick wooden bed with a pillow under the waist, first cold compress, then hot.
2. Joint sprain: When the ankle, knee, and wrist are sprained, the sprained part should be raised, and then apply cold compress for two or three days before applying heat. If the sprained part is swollen, the skin is bruised and painful, you can use half a catty of vinegar to simmer and apply the wound with a towel, 2-3 times a day for 10 minutes each time.
4. Dislocation: Dislocation of the joint. Once dislocation occurs, the patient should be instructed to keep quiet, not to move, and not to rub the dislocation site. If the dislocation is on the shoulder, bend the patient’s elbow at a right angle, then use a triangle towel to support the forearm and elbow, hang it on the neck, and wrap a wide band around the brain to make a knot on the opposite side of the brain. If the dislocation is in the hip, the patient should be taken to the hospital immediately on a soft sleeper.
5. Fractures: For open fractures, do not accept them by hand to avoid osteomyelitis. Use sterile gauze to preliminarily bandage the wound to stop bleeding, then fix it with a flat board and send it to the hospital for treatment. After the fracture, the limb is unstable and easy to move, which will aggravate the injury and severe pain. You can find a wooden board, a plastic board, etc. to fix the upper and lower joints of the limb fracture. If there is no material for external fixation, if the fracture is in the upper limb, the elbow joint can be flexed and fixed on the trunk; if the fracture is in the lower limb, the leg and foot can be straightened and fixed on the opposite limb.
6. Nosebleeds (the nose is impacted by external force, causing the capillaries to rupture and bleed.)
Treatment:
Let the injured person sit down , Tilt your head back, breathe through your mouth temporarily, plug your nostrils with gauze or a clean soft tissue, and apply a cold towel to your forehead and bridge of the nose to stop bleeding. If it still does not stop, you should go to the hospital for examination and treatment, and take effective measures in time to prevent the occurrence of fainting due to massive bleeding.
7. Concussion (the head is hit by external force or collided with a hard object, causing damage to brain nerve cells, fibers and other brain tissues caused by excessive vibration.) It can be divided into mild, moderate and Severe concussion.
Treatment:
Patients with mild concussion can recover after one or two days of quiet bed rest. For moderate or severe concussions, keep the injured person absolutely quiet, lie on their back on a flat place, apply cold compresses to their head, pay attention to keeping the body warm, and send them to the hospital for treatment in time.
