The importance of climbing stoves to a climber cannot be ignored.
Fuel
The fuel of the stove can be divided into three categories according to the chemical composition:
A: liquid bear gas: including methane, ethane, propane , butane, etc.
B: Fuel oil: including White Gasoline, Coleman Fuel, Unleaded Gasoline, Kerosense??.
C: Alcohol: Alcohols.
Stoves
Stoves are one of the tools that climbers rely on for a living, but there are all kinds of stoves on the market, what kind of stove is right for you? The following are some of the brands most commonly used or used by ordinary climbers, but I do not guarantee that they can be purchased, just for reference. First of all, let??s talk about gas stoves.
1. Gas stove
The gas stove is the most convenient and easiest to operate among all kinds of stoves. To sum up, there are the following types, but some gas stoves use mutually incompatible gas tanks, so the gas tanks are also introduced at the same time:
A: EPI (Imperial): The gas tank depends on There are four weights, and the color of the gas tank is green.
B: PRIMUS (made in Sweden): There are two types of gas canisters according to weight, but some old-style stoves of PRIMUS use a type of hole-drilled gas canister, which is the same as the old-style stoves of CAMPING GAZ. gas tank. The color of the gas tank, the large gas tank is yellow, and the small gas tank is iron gray.
C: CAMPING GAZ (legal system): There are two types of gas according to the function (1) for high mountains (2) for flat ground, there are two types according to weight, and there are old types of gas canisters that use holes For stoves, old or new, the gas tank is blue in color.
D: ALPS (Korean): a gas tank, the color of the gas tank is blue.
E.MARKILL (German): No imported brand gas.
F.MSR REPID FIRE (US): There is no imported gas of this brand.
G.COLEMAN (American): a gas canister, the color is iron gray.
For those who buy a stove for the first time, I recommend buying a gas stove, because it can be used as a personal stove, or as an emergency stove for group equipment. The most important thing is that it is more convenient to use and maintain. . In terms of label selection, PI is the best, followed by PRIMUS, COLEMAN again, and CAMPINGGAZ the last choice. Gas furnaces are more convenient to use, but they are much more expensive than gas furnaces in terms of fuel costs.
2. Gasification furnace
The gas furnace was introduced earlier. Although it is convenient, it costs more for fuel. If, when your mountaineering experience is more mature and rich, I suggest you use a vaporizer to save money and improve your ability to mountaineering equipment.
COLMAN PEAK-1 (US): Common model 508.440.4000A. This brand is one of the most common.
MSR (US): common models XGK-2, INTERNATIONAL WHISPERLITE-600. This brand is the second most common.
OPTIMUS (Swedish): 123.8R.111.00 is common. This brand is the third most common.
PHOEBUS (Austria): 725.625.
747 (Taiwan): Imitation 725.
HIPOLITO (made in Portugal): Similar in shape to the 00 furnace.
Korean system: mostly kerosene stoves.
Continental system: Most of the kerosene stoves.
According to the vaporization principle of the vaporization furnace, I personally simplify its structure and roughly divide it into three systems:
* Cold type: The most important feature is that the fuel in the furnace body is Vaporization after pressurization is a relatively advanced method in design. It is less likely to explode due to excessive pressure during combustion, and the temperature of the fuel in the pressurized bottle will not rise, so the temperature of the main body of the stove is relatively low. However, thermal conduction is inevitable, so it is still hot, but not too hot.
* Thermal: The use of fuel to sublime by heat to generate pressure to vaporize the fuel (somewhat similar to the principle of a siphon). The design is an early design, the principle is simple, but there is a danger of explosion due to excessive pressure, but I rarely hear rumors of explosion, the only disadvantage is that the humidity of the fuel in the pressurized bottle will continue to rise until it is hot. .
* Cold and hot mixing: combine the above two principles, usually this type of design has the same feature, the oil bottle is too large and needs to be pressurized, otherwise the firepower is not strong, and the furnace is also hot. of.
The correct use steps of commonly used MSR and PEAK-1:
1. The use steps of MSR:
Inject stain remover oil to the oil bottle full oil line , about 7-8 minutes full; Tighten the sealer to the oil bottle, but not too tight, first pump 3-7 times to check whether there is any oil leakage in the pump; Open the furnace body and connect the sealer and oil bottle, remember to install flame reflector; check again whether there is oil leakage at all O-Rings, unscrew the oil valve to make the stain removal oil flow to the preheating plate, about 1/2 of the surface, and then close it (note: no If it overflows, if there is overflow, it is not possible to ignite temporarily, please go to another place, or wait for the spilled stain removal oil to evaporate, and then ignite); Ignition preheating; Ignition after the flame in the preheating plate is extinguished Above the stove; If the pressure in the oil bottle is too low, pump it for 10-20 times depending on the situation; Put on the pot and wrap the windshield, and it can be used.
2. The steps of using PEAR-1:
a. Open the tripod of the stove, and then place it on the ground
b. First add about 80% full
c. Lock the oil filling cap;
d. >e. Open the oil valve and fire.
f. Put on the pot and wrap the windshield, and it is ready to use.
Troubleshooting
When it comes to troubleshooting, the first thing to know is the structure of the stove. The following are MSR and PEAK-1:
* MSR : The MSR now refers to the Intemational Whisperlite 600UA, not the XGK-2. The former is mostly used, so I will focus on the former. The most common faults can be discussed from two parts: one is Fengpu and the other is the furnace itself, let us discuss one by one:
a. The problems encountered by Fengpu itself: When it is not smooth, for example: the fuel bottle has no pressure when inflating, the possible cause is that the leather cup is worn, so it must be renewed; another situation is that the leather cup is not lubricated enough and needs to be lubricated with sewing oil. For example, if the problem remains the same, the final solution is to disassemble all the Fengpu line segments, clean them all with cleaning aid (removing oil) until they are clean, and then assemble them back; however, remember the order of the parts, Don’t miss anything when assembling. Another more serious problem is the oil leak in the seal. There are four places where the oil leaks:
* O-Ring at the oil bottle and the sealing seam;
* The O-Ring outside the connection between the seal and the furnace body;
* The -Ring between the oil valve and the seal of the seal;
* The intake valve (ball) in the seal ) failure, the first three kinds of failures can be eliminated immediately as long as the rubber ring gasket is replaced, the fourth kind is more troublesome, and the Teflon ball and spring need to be replaced; however, the failure rate is not too large.
b. The problem of the furnace body:
The common fault of the furnace body is that the oil pipe is not smooth or the nozzle is blocked. The way to deal with it is to pass the oil pipe or pass the nozzle. Two aspects are discussed: one is the blockage inside the oil pipe, and the other is the blockage of the nozzle. The first way to deal with the fault; if the blockage of the oil pipe is not serious, the oil line can be drawn back and forth, so that the carbon deposits in the oil line will fall off automatically due to the mutual friction with the inner wall of the oil pipe; if the fault still cannot be eliminated, I have to pull out the oil line and wipe it with clean paper or cloth; if the carbon deposits are still serious, when it is assembled back, the firepower is still not strong; I have to use the last method to pull out the oil line and use a small fire (preferably It is a gas stove) to burn the carbon deposits on the oil line. When you put it back, first use the cassette gas stove to spray the inner wall of the oil pipe to speed up the carbon deposits on the inner wall of the oil pipe. Finally, put the oil line back on, and you’re done. If the problem still cannot be ruled out, you have to replace the new oil pipe or send it to the company for repair. The carbon deposit of the nozzle can be removed by the needle, and now the new furnaces are equipped with an automatic needle, which can be removed by shaking it up and down. In addition, there are still many small faults, such as the flame is not large, the flame is red on the flame plate and so on. The order of repair is still in accordance with the above-mentioned method, and are reviewed separately. If the firepower is too small, the possible cause is that the oil delivery is partially blocked, which can be solved by dredging the pipe or nozzle. If not, there may be no stain removal oil in the oil bottle, or the pressure in the oil bottle is not enough or even leaks. The treatment method is:
* Refuel the oil bottle to 80% full;
* Pressurize;
* Check all O-Rings;
* Ignition, be careful not to ignite when oil leaks, otherwise, it will cause fire furnace.
The way to deal with the red fire, in order to adjust the split flame plate or replace the nozzle, it is also possible to add the wrong fuel, or the oil-gas mixture ratio is incorrect, the way of handling, you can repair it yourself, or send it to the company . If oil leaks at the joint of the oil pipe, the oil pipe needs to be updated, and there is no other way.
* PEAK-1: The stoves produced by the American company, the stoves produced by the company, the function and the method of use are not much different, except for the APEX-2 type, which is more special, and other types of stoves. The structure is roughly similar; now we will discuss the maintenance of PEAK-1 400. The failure of PEAK-1R is roughly divided into two parts, internal and external: The reasons for the failure are as follows:
* The air cup is worn out, or is not lubricated enough, the problem can be solved by updating the cup or adding lubricating oil;
* Solid The plastic-steel cover of the complete seal is melted, and the way of handling it, it needs to be replaced with a new leather cup;
* The seal leaks and must be sent to the company for repair. If the oil pipe is blocked, take out the oil line in the oil pipe (note: be careful not to break it), then use fine sandpaper to clean the carbon deposit, and then assemble it back; if the blockage is too serious, you have to replace it with a new one. When you ignite the stove, there is only the sound of gas coming out, and there is no volatilized oil and gas. The right-to-use stove cannot be ignited. The reason is that the pressure ratio of oil and gas inside the stove is uneven, resulting in only air and no fuel in the oil pipe. The treatment method, Unscrew the oil valve from the stove, and replace the oil suction pipe screwed under the oil valve (this kind of failure is less likely, unless you are sure of the correct disassembly, if not, please leave it to the company to handle). Oil valve failure, send to the factory for repair.
External:
* The foot of the stove is broken, replace it with a new one;
* The oil cap is leaking, replace the rubber pad inside.
* Special situation: The most serious special situation mentioned here is the burning of the furnace. How to deal with it? The most important thing is not to panic, first see if there are tools nearby to help you put out the fire, but remember not to use it without putting it out. It is best to cover it with a wet cloth. If it is a PEAK-1 fire, use its own aluminum or iron cylinder. Just cover it. If it is MSR, cover it with a cloth. Don’t throw it on the ground. This will only cause longer burning and even risk of explosion.
* The production of repair kits: Why do repair kits are made for your convenience, an emergency repair tool when the stove is abnormal. MSR repair kit, including: 1, wrench 2, O-ring (three kinds) 3, leather cup 4, pin 5, lubricating oil PEAK-1 repair kit, including: 1, wrench 2, sandpaper 3, Lubricating oil 4, leather bowl