[Position of the subwoofer] Where should the subwoofer be placed and how to place the speaker is scientific
The placement of the subwoofer
In fact, the sound of the subwoofer is not obvious to people, so it is not as complicated as the placement of satellite speakers. Because the vibration of the subwoofer is relatively large, you only need to find a stable and open ground or desktop for him when placing it. As for the position and direction, as long as it is not too far from the satellite speakers. For speakers whose volume is often turned on very high, it is best to use a floor stand. Do not place the speakers directly on the computer desk (especially the subwoofer), so as to avoid resonance with the computer desk and cause distortion. Hard drives and optical drives are also harmful.
How to place the speakers is scientific
1. Direct full-range speakers try to avoid interface Reflection
A direct-firing speaker is a speaker that radiates sound directly to the outside. In theory, it is a speaker directly coupled to the air; from the outside, it is a speaker Speakers with the bell mouth set directly outwards. This kind of speaker mainly relies on the radiation characteristics of sound waves, so that the speaker sends sound energy directly into the space.
Under normal circumstances, the bass radiation angle of the direct-firing speaker is larger than the treble radiation angle. If the speaker is placed directly on the ground, the bass will be reflected on the ground and transmitted to the listener. Because the distance traveled by the direct sound emitted by the speaker is shorter than the distance traveled by the reflected sound, the direct sound of the bass of the speaker reaches the human ear first, and the reflected sound reaches the human ear later. Bass ghosting.
As we all know, the amount of bass components has a great influence on the clarity and intelligibility of the sound, and the bass itself has a turbid feeling. If there is a double image in the bass, it will make the sound sound more cloudy.
It is best not to place the direct-firing speakers directly on the ground, or close to the corner of the wall, otherwise the bass heard in the listening area will be accentuated, and there will be a sense of ambiguity. If the floor of the room is made of a hard and smooth material that is highly reflective to the sound, the muddiness of the bass will become more serious.
In practice, it may be found that in a room with a small distance, using direct-firing speakers (especially full-range direct-firing loudspeakers), it is often the case that the bass sounds muddy. Phenomenon, and this kind of bass turbidity phenomenon cannot be solved by using an equalizer to attenuate the bass components in the sound. There is no bass in the sound. Once there is a bass sound, the sound is turbid. The main reason is that the reflected sound components of the bass are too much. , the bass has serious ghosting phenomenon.
In order to fully reduce the adverse effects of bass reflex, one of the following two measures should be taken when placing direct-firing speakers:
First, do not place the speakers directly on the ground or in Close to the corner of the wall, it is best to use a metal frame to raise the speaker by more than 40cm, and place it at a position more than 40cm from the side wall and more than 20cm from the rear wall. Since the speaker is far from the reflection interface, the bass reflection is significantly reduced. .
Second, if the ground in front of the speaker is a strong reflective material (hard and smooth material, such as marble floor), when the speaker is placed directly on the ground, you can also use a sound-absorbing carpet in front of the speaker to absorb bass. reflected sound, but the bass cannot be fully absorbed, and there is a small amount of reflections.
2. Airflow bass speakers can use ground reflection
Airflow speakers are speakers whose sound does not radiate directly to the outside, according to professional terms , it is a speaker whose diaphragm (paper plate) is not directly coupled to the air. In the field of professional audio, airflow speakers are generally subwoofers. Modern airflow-type bass speakers use advanced aerodynamic principles, using the large-scale diaphragm vibration that only bass can produce to achieve strong air flow changes, and use this airflow change to enhance the transmission of bass. The airflow subwoofer not only makes the bass travel farther due to its aerodynamic characteristics, but also makes the bass richer and more pleasant due to its excellent acoustic characteristics.
The airflow subwoofer can be easily identified from the appearance, it is a subwoofer with the back of the subwoofer facing outwards, the front facing inwards (reverse button) or the subwoofer cannot be directly seen in front of the subwoofer. At present, the most common ones are the built-in subwoofer and the loudspeaker reversed subwoofer. They mainly rely on the air flow characteristics of sound transmission to continuously send bass air masses into the space, and use the air masses to propagate sound waves, rather than relying on simple wave radiation characteristics to send sound energy to the air, and the bass can travel farther.
Airflow subwoofers are relatively free in terms of placement and installation, that is, they can be hung in the air or placed directly on the ground.
But generally speaking, it will be better to put the airflow-type bass speaker on the ground, because the airflow-type bass speaker adopts the way of airflow, so its bass has a certain directivity. Even if there is sound radiation, the proportion of sound radiation is small, so the reflected sound content after reaching the reflection interface is also small, and the bass reflection volume is moderate. The bass speaker is placed directly on the ground, which can give full play to the role of the ground, which is equivalent to using the ground as an extension of the bass horn. Such a large bass horn makes the sound resistance of the lower frequency sound of the speaker more matched, and the bass sounds thicker and fuller. .
3. The listening area should fully obtain the direct sound of the speaker
The direct sound is the sound that directly reaches the listener from the speaker. It is the pure tone, that is, what kind of sound the speaker emits, and what the listener hears is almost what kind of sound. The direct sound is not reflected by the wall, ground and top surface of the room, there is no sound defect caused by the reflection of the sound by the interior decoration materials, and it is not affected by the indoor acoustic environment, so the sound quality is guaranteed and the sound fidelity is guaranteed. high. A very important principle in modern indoor acoustic design is to make full use of the direct sound from the speaker in the listening area and try to control the reflected sound as much as possible.
As far as a room is concerned, the method to determine whether the listening area can obtain the direct sound from all speakers is very simple, generally using the visual method. In the listening area, if the listener can see the whole of all the speakers and is located in the area where all the speakers are cross-radiated, the direct sound of the speakers can be obtained.
Under normal circumstances, hanging speakers is the best solution to obtain direct sound in a room, but sometimes due to the low floor distance and limited space in the room, hanging speakers may be limited. , it is best to hang the speakers. The horn pointing angle of many speakers is within 60 degrees, the horizontal direction is large, and the vertical direction is small. If the listening area is not located within the pointing angle of the horn, the direct sound of the horn cannot be obtained. Therefore, when the speaker is placed horizontally , the axis of the tweeter should be consistent with the level of the listener’s ear. When the speaker is hung, the tilt angle should be adjusted to avoid affecting the high-pitched listening effect.
When the speaker is playing, the closer it is to the speaker, the greater the proportion of direct sound in the sound, and the smaller the proportion of reflected sound; the farther away from the speaker, the greater the proportion of direct sound. Small.
4. The speaker placement should be symmetrical with the central axis of the room
The requirement for the indoor acoustic environment is that the symmetry of the building must be consistent with the symmetry of the room acoustics , the speaker should be placed in a symmetrical position in the center of the room. Only by achieving the consistency of architectural symmetry and acoustic symmetry, can an ideal, harmonious and symmetrical sound field be provided for the interior. If the placement of the speakers is asymmetrical with the room, that is to say, the two speakers are biased to one side of the room, it will bring many problems during playback. Although these problems can be compensated by the method of electroacoustic compensation, the most It is better to try to avoid a series of problems caused by asymmetric placement.
Some rooms have asymmetrical internal structures or decoration structures, and the room acoustics are already asymmetrical. The speakers can only be placed as much as possible to make the sound field symmetrical. Then, what problems will the sound field asymmetry cause? What? Let’s analyze it:
When using the effector to add effects to the sound, you will find that the reverberation effect of the speakers farther from the wall is more obvious than the reverberation effect of the speakers closer to the wall. It is because the volume of the sound-reproducing space in front of the speaker far from the wall is larger. According to the theory that the larger the volume, the longer the reverberation time, of course, the reverberation will be stronger; while the space in front of the speaker closer to the wall is smaller. The reverberation is definitely weaker.
How do I place the speakers?
An important requirement for the acoustic characteristics of the hall is to create a uniform sound field, that is, the volume of each position in the sound field should not vary too much. If the sound field is uneven, the volume of the listening area will be reduced The consistency of the sound is poor. Asymmetric placement of speakers will result in less early reflection sound components and lower volume for speakers with larger space, and more early reflection sound components for speakers with smaller space and larger volume. The uniformity of the sound field is destroyed.
1. Proportion requirements for a professional listening room in the early morning
For a room dedicated to listening, it is best to follow the gold standard proposed by the American “Sound Engineering Society” The so-called golden listening room is a rectangular room with a length of 6.6m, a width of 4.06m and a height of 2.54m. This is not available to most listeners, but most people can still refer to this golden room. Arrange your own room. At present, the ratio of length, width and height of most new living rooms is close to this. The ratio of length to width of the general room is between 1:1.1-1:1.7, and the height is between 2.7-3m, so smartly arranged your own room can also become a good listening area, which is in line with family conditions good way.
2. The structure of a professional listening room
According to the godfather of American fever: the structure of the most ideal listening room should be front and rear, left and right, up and down The hexahedral walls are constructed of concrete with a thickness of more than 254mm to create an ideally isolated soundless environment. 99% of hobbyists can’t fulfill this requirement. But at least you can find a solid wall, which serves as the rear wall for the speakers to reflect the sound waves, which is very easy to achieve.
3. Decoration of the house
The interior decoration of the house has a great influence on the sound playback. The more beautiful wood is used in the room, the softer the sound. Wall tapestries, which can be tuned, and rugs and sofas that can absorb sound. In short, the decoration of the room can be adjusted in the mid-to-high wee hours.
4. Selection of audio equipment
Generally speaking, the more expensive the audio equipment, the stronger the sensitivity of the equipment to music, the better the debugging, the better the audio performance. The better, so subwoofer enthusiasts should play to the full potential of the equipment, which is the most important and worth the effort. There are always expensive ways to play, cheap ways to play cheap, and people make the best use of their talents.
5. Speaker placement
A pair of speakers can make different sounds at different positions in the room, which is one we must accept. Reality. In order to make the sound system have a good sound quality performance in the living room, the speakers must be carefully positioned so that the physical characteristics of the room and the characteristics of the speakers complement each other and reflect each other. In short, the correct placement of the speakers can bring out the best effect of the sound system.
