1. Technical points of mulberry planting
1. Land preparation
Level the land, remove debris, and carry out Deep turn.
There are two methods:
①Comprehensive deep ploughing: Before deep ploughing, 4000-5000 kg of soil and manure or farmyard manure shall be applied per mu, and 30-40 cm deep ploughing;
②Ditch ploughing: ditch ploughing according to the planting method, with a depth of 50 cm and a width of 60 cm. The topsoil and core soil are set separately, and 2500-5000 kg of soil fertilizer or farmyard manure is applied per mu on the ditch. 10 cm of topsoil, mix well.
2. Planting management
Planting time: December to next March
Planting density and form: transplant per acre 1000-1200 mulberry seedlings are planted, and there are two planting forms:
① Planting in wide and narrow rows: on flat plots with good water and fertilizer conditions, planting in wide and narrow rows, and transplanting in triangles to the air. The large row spacing is 6 feet, the small row spacing is 2 feet, and the plant spacing is 1-1.5 feet.
②Equal row planting: For terraces and gentle slopes with poor water and fertilizer conditions, equal row planting should be adopted, with a row spacing of 4 feet and a plant spacing of 1.2-1.5 feet.
3. Varieties and seedling treatment
①The mulberry varieties are mainly Nongsang series, mainly Nongsang 8, Nongsang 12, Nongsang Sang No. 14;
②Selection and treatment of seedlings: Divide the seedlings according to size and plant them separately. Before planting, cut off withered roots and overlong roots, and soak them in the mud to improve the survival rate.
4. Planting
It is required that the seedlings are straight, the roots are extended, and the shallow planting is steadfast. , cover with mulch (width and narrow line film width 3 feet, equal line film width 2 feet).
5. Management after transplanting
①Cut the stem: After transplanting, cut off the stem 5-7 inches from the ground, and then plant in winter Spring cut, spring planting should be cut with the planting, and the cutting edge should be smooth.
②Thinning buds: When the new buds grow to 4-5 inches, bud thinning, and select 2-3 mulberry buds with strong development and reasonable direction for each plant to develop strong branches.
③Topping: For those with only one bud, topping is carried out when the bud grows to 4-6 inches to promote branching and early gardening.
④Replenishing the deficiency: After the mulberry buds germinate, check them in time, and replant them in time if they fail to survive.
⑤Drainage and irrigation: watering should be done in droughts, and waterlogging should be drained in rainy days to improve the survival rate.
⑥Strengthen weeding and fertilizing: timely shallow plowing and weeding, bud thinning, and fertilization, apply 10-15 kg of urea per mu, or water biogas slurry, human excrement and urine, etc. 1/3 of the garden.
2. Prevention and control of mulberry diseases and insect pests
1. Mulberry powdery mildew
The disease was initially onset In the first stage, white powdery circular lesions appeared on the back of the leaves, and then gradually expanded and joined into pieces. At the same time, the color of the front of the mulberry leaves changed to light yellowish brown; The disease is more common in the leaves in the middle of the branches, and the varieties with early hardening.
Prevention and control methods:
①Sericulture in batches in autumn, first picking the lower mulberry leaves.
②During the dry season to delay the hardening of mulberry leaves.
③ Spray leaves with 50% thiophanate-1000 times liquid at the initial stage of the disease, and then spray once every 10-15 days.
2. Morus brown spot disease
It mostly occurs in young leaves, especially in the weather with high temperature, humidity and insufficient sunshine. The initial stage was water-soaked sesame granular lesions, dark brown in color, and then expanded into nearly circular or irregular lesions, with white or reddish silty patches ringing on the lesions, and then the color changed to dark brown, and the leaf color changed slightly. Yellow, in severe cases, the lesions are connected to each other, and the leaves are yellow and easy to fall off.
Control method:
Spray leaves with 50% carbendazim 1500 times solution or 75% thiophanate methyl 1500 times solution at the early stage of the disease, which can A good control effect is obtained, and there is no phytotoxicity to silkworms.
3. Mulberry chafers
There are many species, mainly black velvet chafers, brown chafers, and patina chafers. The adults eat mulberry buds, young shoots and mulberry leaves, causing harm, especially on the young buds of seedlings.
Control methods:
①Using the suspended animation of scarabs, when the adults mate and feed at dusk, they are shot down and killed.
②Light traps and kills adults.
③When ploughing the soil in winter, remove the larvae and grubs on the roots of the seedlings with the plow.
④In the evening, spray 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsion, or 1000 times of 50% phoxim emulsion to eliminate adults.
