On the application of GPS
in the field of fire protection
With the increasingly heavy task of fire fighting and rescue, the important position of fire protection work is prominent. How to further improve the rapid response capability of the fire brigade and strengthen the dynamic management, dynamic dispatch and dynamic command of fire fighting vehicles has become the primary task of the fire 119 command system. The introduction of GPS technology in the 119 command system precisely solves these problems.
Keywords: GPS, firefighting, wireless communication system
In recent years, GPS satellite positioning technology has received widespread attention in the construction of firefighting communication dispatching command systems And development. The dynamic management subsystem of fire-fighting vehicles in various places generally uses GPS satellite positioning technology to transmit the driving route and vehicle location information of fire-fighting vehicles on the way to fire-fighting and in fire-fighting battles in real time to the fire-fighting dispatch command center through 350MHZ wireless communication network. The electronic map of the center displays the travel route and the location information of the fire fighting vehicle. According to the situation, the dispatcher of the command center will dispatch and command the participating vehicles and correct the driving route in time through wireless communication equipment.
In 2006, all fire trucks in Beijing were equipped with GPS satellite positioning system. . The newly expanded 119 dispatching and command system is quite advanced. It consists of 10 subsystems such as electronic map, video, recording, mobile command vehicle, and GPS positioning. The 119 dispatch command center can direct fire trucks to find shortcuts and reach the fire or rescue scene as quickly as possible.
Based on the current situation of our country, the public platform of wireless communication of GPS monitoring system can adopt two modes of digital mobile communication and trunking mobile communication system at present. For the established radio stations, there are few vehicles and they are mainly used for urban dispatching. Units with high density requirements can use cluster mobile communication to establish a GPS system; while establishing a social-oriented public GPS system with large capacity, wide coverage and complex business, it is better to choose GSM is appropriate. In the 119 command system, the dynamic management of fire fighting strength is a combination of global satellite positioning technology (GPS), cellular mobile communication technology (GSM), geographic information system technology (GIS), integrated data communication technology, and computer network technology. dynamic management, scheduling, and command subsystems. In this system, technologies such as GPS vehicle navigation, vehicle tracking, vehicle positioning, and vehicle scheduling are mainly used, that is, the on-board equipment of the system.
I. Application and implementation of GPS in fire communication command and dispatch
GPS is a satellite-based wireless navigation system developed by the US Department of Defense , it can be used by unlimited users at the same time, providing real-time, all-weather and global navigation services for land, sea and air. The main features of GPS are all-weather; global coverage; high-precision three-dimensional fixed speed timing; fast time-saving and high efficiency; wide application and multi-function. At present, GPS has been widely used in various fields, but its application in the field of fire protection has not yet been popularized and promoted, and most fire brigade and detachment simply apply the navigation function of GPS, without functional expansion and system upgrade of GPS, as far as possible explore its functions.
The communication platform is the center of the entire network system. On the one hand, it classifies the information sent by the on-board equipment and distributes it to the 119 command center; at the same time, it processes the information sent by the 119 command center to the on-board equipment. The communication platform is also responsible for the exchange of information between the center and other centers. The phone handle in the vehicle-mounted device can use the GSM voice function to communicate with the personnel on the fire fighting vehicle, or use the liquid crystal display terminal to send and receive Chinese characters. Therefore, smooth communication between the command center and fire fighting vehicles is ensured.
After using GPS technology in the 119 command system, it can well realize the dispatch and command of the entire firefighting and rescue process, provide information services such as traffic water sources, emergency measures, etc., so as to further improve the rapid response capability of the troops. To enhance the combat effectiveness of the troops, it has truly achieved information and digitalization to serve the grass-roots work of fire protection, and adapted to the new requirements of fire protection work in the new era and new conditions.
As a bridge between GPS and GIS, the wireless communication system determines the performance, capacity, range and stability of the GPS system. The available wireless communication means include cluster communication, spread spectrum communication, and analog mobile communication. , GSM mobile communication, etc.
1. In terms of technology, a GPS system integrating wired communication, wireless communication and computer network communication should be constructed on the basis of fully adopting modern computer communication, advanced technology of comprehensive control and information decision-making. The system has computer-aided decision-making, geographic information processing, database management and other functions. The system dispatch command system has the command functions of fire alarm acceptance, strength dispatch and auxiliary decision-making. It can quickly, accurately, timely, reliably and systematically carry out command and dispatch, and the linkage device between the command center and each squadron computer has passed two years. It runs a lot and is in a stable working state.
2. The information contact between fire-fighting vehicles or fire-fighting boats and the command center mainly relies on the communication of radio stations. The real-time status of each fire-fighting vehicle, such as arrival, water exit, control, extinguishing, returning to the team, etc., is mainly obtained through the radio station, and the operator of the command center manually sets the vehicle dynamic card.
3. The information system (GIS) can display the information related to the location intuitively and in real time. It can perfectly combine the processing of spatial information and attribute information, and display all moving objects, The position and state of the fixed target are fixed, and the command and dispatch operation of the controlled target is carried out directly on the graphical interface. GIS has the characteristics of good interface, agile operation, strong real-time performance, large amount of information, stability and reliability.
4. With the rapid development of GSM mobile communication network in China, mobile phone has become one of the important technologies for people’s communication. A-car fire trucks, special rescue vehicles and equipment vehicles of the fire squadron are basically equipped with on-board telephones of the GSM network, which are of great significance to the realization of GSM telephone automatic positioning services.
Second, several problems that should be paid attention to in the application of GPS satellite positioning technology
In the construction of fire dispatch command system in various places, the construction of GPS satellite positioning technology The following aspects must be paid attention to in its application and application:
(1) It must meet the requirements of the overall planning of the fire dispatching command system, and pay attention to the coordination and unity of the construction pace.
(2) A stable and reliable fire-fighting wireless communication network must be built. GPS operates on the basis of wireless transmission network, so it is necessary to ensure that the signal transmission of wireless network is stable and reliable.
(3) Do a good job in the construction and maintenance of the fire protection geographic information display system. The vehicle information transmitted through the wireless network must be displayed on the electronic map of the command center. Therefore, attention should be paid to the construction and maintenance of the electronic map. The electronic map must be a fully vectorized map, and the geographic information on the electronic map must be accurate and accurate. Geographic information should be updated in a timely manner according to changes in the situation.
At present, with the rapid development of society and economy, a large number of high-rise buildings, underground projects, petrochemicals, and public gathering places have emerged, and fires have become increasingly diversified and complicated. The safety of citizens’ lives and property has become an urgent task for the fire brigade. If we can give full play to the application of GPS technology in the field of fire protection, expand and utilize its functions, and carry out the reform of fire protection communication, it will better assist the fire brigade to escort the economy of the society and the safety of people’s lives.