Fire restrains death and adds life. It can not only cook food, but also has a wider range of uses: the fire releases heat to generate warmth, which will save the body’s heat loss; it can dry clothes; smoked meat can be kept fresh for a longer time; fire can scare away dangerous beasts ; The smoke can drive away pests, and it can also burn metal tools and sharpen sticks. So you have to learn to make a fire under any conditions, anywhere.
Under normal circumstances, lighters and matches are the most important ignition tools. Drip wax on matches before you set off to prevent them from getting soggy. If the match is wet, rub it in the hair, the static electricity can dry it out, and remember: a small candle can last a long time with minimal energy consumption, and the candle is good Burner. Use a convex mirror: Strong sunlight can generate enough heat to ignite a fire after being concentrated by a convex mirror. A magnifying glass, telescope
or camera lens can all serve you in place of a convex lens.
Battery fire: The spark from the positive and negative terminals of a battery in a vehicle, flashlight, or radio can be used to start a fire
It is an easy way to start a fire technique, but requires a lot of hands-on practice. A piece of hard spun wood is used to rub a hole on a cork base. At first, fine wood chips will fall off, and then the rubbing will become hot. To facilitate drilling, the hard spun wood is often wrapped around a homemade wooden bow. , Speed up the rotation speed and ignite the fire as soon as possible.
How to find and collect water?
Life is inseparable from water. A normal person can live for three weeks without food. When looking for water, you should look for it along the cracks in the rocks. Springs are often dug in the sand and gravel areas of the dry riverbed.
On the coast, the pits should be dug above the highest waterline, and there is likely to be a layer of sediment water about 5 cm thick floating on the denser seawater layer. When drinking the water in the stagnant water, it must be disinfected and precipitated first, and then boiled for drinking.
Collection of rainwater: Dig a hole in the ground, lay a layer of plastic, and surround it with clay, which can effectively collect rainwater.
Condensation: Put a plastic bag on a twig with thick leaves, and the transpiration of the leaves will produce condensation.
Follow animal, bird, insect, or human trails to find water sources.
Water from plants: There is often water in the internodes of hollow plants such as bamboos, vines often have drinkable sap, and the fruits and stems of palms and cacti are rich in water.
Solar stills: In arid desert areas, the following methods can be used to collect water better: dig a hole about 90 cm wide and 45 cm deep in relatively wet ground, and place a hole in the center of the bottom of the hole. Water collector, a plastic film drawn into an arc is suspended from the pit surface. The light energy raises the temperature of the moist soil and air in the pit, and evaporates to produce water vapor. The water vapor contacts the plastic film and condenses to form water droplets, which slide down into the vessel.
How to identify the direction in the field?
Traveling in the mountains, you often encounter the situation of getting lost. At this time, you should not panic, you should calm down and use some features in nature to identify the direction:
Shadow Bell method: On a flat ground, place a vertical tree trunk more than 1 meter long. Indicate the location of the tree shadow, and mark the top with stones or sticks (a in the figure). After 15 minutes, mark the new projection position of the top of the tree trunk on the ground (b in the figure). The line connecting the two points will give you the east-west direction – west is marked first. The north-south direction is straight. This method works for any latitude and longitude, any time of day, as long as there must be sunlight. Use it to detect the direction you are moving.
Watch: A traditional watch has hour and minute hands that can be used to determine direction, provided it represents the exact local time. The further away from the equator, the more reliable this method will be. Place the watch horizontally, with the hour hand pointing to the sun, and the bisector of the angle between the hour hand and the 12 o’clock scale indicating the north-south direction.
Simple compass: A piece of iron wire (just a sewing needle) repeatedly rubs against the silk in the same direction, it will generate magnetism, and it can be hung to indicate the North Pole.
Plant method: If you get lost on a cloudy day, you can rely on the growth state of the moss on the trees or stones to know the direction. In the case of trees, the direction in which the leaves grow lush is the south. If the tree is cut, the side with the wider rings is the south.