It’s hard to predict what will happen when you go outdoors. An emergency gear kit and first aid kit may come in handy if you are injured, so be sure to keep it with you. A reporter from the China Business Daily learned from an outdoor club in Yulin that there are too many dangers that may be encountered when playing outdoors, and if it is serious, life will be lost. Therefore, the person in charge of the club reminds everyone to make all preparations before traveling, and be sure to bring the travel package with you. Equipment: You can save yourself in case of emergencies. Bandages, dressings, dressing packs, disinfectants (alcohol, iodine, iodophor, hydrogen peroxide and other emergency medicines), tapes, cotton balls, thermometers, and common medicines for colds, fever, stomach pains, etc. should also be prepared. There are also eye drops, safflower oil, hemostatic patches, cooling oil and other items.
However, in outdoor travel, the most important thing is to know how to save yourself.
How to deal with poisonous snake attacks
Mr. Ye is the head of an outdoor club in Yulin. He treats outdoor travel as his career and goes out every year. He spends more time than at home. He admits that he has experienced all kinds of hardships on the way, especially when he encounters animal attacks on different roads, it is really like fighting against death, such as snakes and bees, which are very poisonous. The animal can be fatal if it is serious, it is best to run away to avoid being attacked.
Mr. Ye said that according to experience, if a snake bites in the wild, it can be judged as a poisonous snake bite if there will be large and deep tooth marks on the wound; If there is no local pain, swelling, numbness, weakness and other symptoms within minutes, it is a non-venomous snake bite. It only needs to clean the wound, stop the bleeding, bandage, and if possible, go to the hospital to inject tetanus.
Generally speaking, the symptoms will gradually appear 10 to 20 minutes after being bitten by a poisonous snake. At this time, the most important thing is to buy time. First, find a cloth belt
or long shoelace. Tie the wound close to the upper end of the heart 5-10 cm to ease the spread of toxins; in order to prevent limb necrosis, relax for 2-3 minutes every 10 minutes; rinse the snake venom on the wound surface with cold water repeatedly. Then use a sterilized knife to cut the wound’s skin into a cross shape with the tooth mark as the center. Then squeeze hard with both hands, cupping, or cover the wound with four or five layers of gauze, and suck forcefully with the gauze between the mouth (there should be no wound in the mouth), and try to suck out the venom in the wound. At the same time, take anti-venom pills immediately and apply anti-venom powder around the wound. Try to slow down the movement of the injured person and send them to a nearby hospital quickly for treatment.
Mr. Ye said that when we walked, we found that the hive should be detoured, and we must not show the meaning of “closeness”. At the same time, it is best to wear light-colored, smooth clothing, because the visual system of bees is very sensitive to the movement of dark objects against light-colored backgrounds. If you accidentally mess with the swarm and incur an attack, the only way is to protect your head and neck with clothing, run away or lie down. Never try to fight back, or you’ll just invite more attacks. If you are really unfortunate enough to have been stung by a bee, pick out the stinger with a needle or tweezers, but don’t squeeze it so that the remaining toxins don’t get into the body. Then smear the sting with ammonia, soda, or even urine to neutralize the toxicity. Apply a towel soaked in cold water on the wound to relieve swelling and pain. Finally, go straight to the hospital!
How to quickly deal with limb injuries
In the journey, it is inevitable to encounter limb injuries, but we must know how to deal with injuries, such as How should we deal with the wound in time in the event of a fracture, fall, sprain, etc.? A staff member of the club said that injuries during the trip cannot be avoided, but they must be dealt with in a timely manner, such as accidental fractures, and the severity of the fractures must be judged first and then bandaged.
Fractures
1. If there are skin wounds and bleeding, remove the visible dirt, and then use a clean cotton or towel to press the bandage.
2. When there is bleeding in the open fracture of the extremities (the broken ends of the fracture are exposed through the wound), ropes or wires should not be abused to tie the limbs.
3. For upper limb fractures, it can be fixed with wooden boards or wooden roots or cardboards, and then hung on the neck with bandages or ropes. Lower extremity fractures can be fixed with planks or wooden roots, or both lower limbs can be tied together for fixation purposes.
4. For pelvic fractures, use a wide cloth to tie the pelvis. The patient lies supine with the knees in a semi-flexed position, and a pillow or clothing is placed under the knees to stabilize the body and reduce shaking.
5. After the above treatment, the patient can be transported to the hospital.
Sprains
Generally, sprains have symptoms such as joint swelling, severe pain, limited mobility, subcutaneous congestion, inability to move, or scoliosis.
Treatment methods:
1. Stop activities (at least reduce the force), especially for sprains of the ankle and knee joint;
2. Put a pad on the affected part Use gauze, towel, etc., and use ice packs for cold compress; Remember to elevate the affected area when resting.
Fainting
People with poor constitution, when going out for hiking in summer, due to strenuous activities and excessive physical exertion, especially failing to timely Heat syncope is more likely to occur when replenishing lost water and salts in the body. Heat fainting symptoms The whole person feels exhausted, restless, headache, dizziness, and nausea. His face was pale and his skin felt clammy and cold. The breathing is fast and shallow, and the pulse is fast and weak. There may be muscle twitching in the lower extremities and abdomen.
In the event of heat syncope, move to a cool place to lie down as soon as possible. If the patient is conscious, let him drink some cold water slowly. If the patient is sweating profusely, or has cramps, diarrhea, or vomiting, add salt to the water (one teaspoon per liter). If the patient has lost consciousness, he should be allowed to lie down in a supine position, rest adequately until the symptoms subside, and then be sent to the hospital for further treatment. Teacher Ye reminds: If you are not in good physical condition, you should pay special attention to avoid activities that consume too much physical strength, pay attention to the rhythm of rest, and maintain physical strength. Drink plenty of water or beverages that contain salt while you are on the move.
Heatstroke
When hiking in the hot, humid and windless mountains in the hot summer, because the body cannot control the body temperature by sweat evaporation, people suffer from It’s easy to get heatstroke. Usually headache, dizziness, irritability, flushing, rapid pulse, body temperature rises above 40 ??. If not dealt with in time, a person suffering from heat stroke will quickly lose consciousness, and if not dealt with in time, it will be life-threatening. In such a situation, we need to know how to save ourselves.
1. Move the patient to a cool, ventilated place. Loosen the buckles and belts that bind the neck and body, wipe the body with a towel or clothes soaked in cold water, and supply air to the patient until the patient’s body temperature drops below 38??C.
2. When the patient’s body temperature has dropped, the consciousness begins to recover or is slightly stable, the patient should be allowed to take in water, preferably some sports drinks. More should pay attention to rest and drink plenty of water, remember to bring a hat and sunglasses.
Cramps
Lascher Ye said that cramps are very common and are caused by excessive exercise or poor posture while hiking. Poor coordination, or because of the cold during or after climbing, a large amount of salt in the body is lost, resulting in sudden involuntary muscle contractions, and cramps often occur when resting in the camp. At this time, the muscles of the affected area should be pulled to make the affected area straight, and the muscles of the affected area should be gently massaged. Rehydrate and salt, and rest until the affected area feels comfortable. Before and after participating in other outdoor activities such as hiking, you should do sufficient warm-up and preparation exercises. In the process of hiking, you should eat more snacks and pay more attention to rest. China Business Daily reporter Zhao Yiming