[Principle of vacuum cleaner]What is the working principle of vacuum cleaner? Home vacuum cleaner schematic diagram
Although the vacuum cleaners on the market have different colors, styles, and prices, their working principles are the same, and the types of components are almost the same. Any household vacuum cleaner liberates human labor to varying degrees, but the cleaning effect is not the same, and various vacuum cleaners are not as flawless as the merchants advertise, and consumers need to identify themselves.
Whether it is a home vacuum cleaner or a small vacuum cleaner, it follows the same working principle: the motor drives the blades to rotate at a high speed, forming a vacuum in the confined space, thereby sucking in the dust. In theory, any vacuum cleaner has a cleaning function that is unmatched by manpower, but the cleaning ability is indeed uneven, and the reasons are mainly concentrated in dust collection, filtration, appearance and even brand.
From the point of view of dust collection and filtration, the bag type vacuum cleaner is convenient and the bagless type is environmentally friendly; the cyclone type is less blocked, and the water filter type has the best effect.
From the perspective of appearance, the horizontal vacuum cleaner is the most commonly used, the vertical type has less energy loss, the handheld type has a wide range of flexibility, and the cylinder type has a large capacity for both wet and dry use.
The current household vacuum cleaners are mainly divided into two types: bag type and bagless type. The bag type is cheap and convenient, while the bagless type is environmentally friendly and durable.
1.Dust bag vacuum cleaner
Dust collection and filtration are solved by dust bags, which are The most traditional filter materials, paper and cloth. The paper bag is disposable, the price is cheaper, it is convenient to throw away after use, but it is not environmentally friendly, and the filtration efficiency is only 60%. The most commonly used fabric is SMS composite non-woven fabrics, which are often used in surgical gowns and surgical caps.
The working principle of the dust bag vacuum cleaner: relying on the internal dust bag to filter the dust-laden air and directly accumulate the filtered dust in the bag.
This type of vacuum cleaner has two obvious shortcomings. One is that long-term use is easy to block the ventilation holes of the dust bag, so that the suction rate drops rapidly, which has an impact on the life of the motor; the other is that it requires constant Later investment, such as regularly taking out the cloth dust bag to dump the dust, cleaning the cloth bag (at this time, it is easy to cause secondary pollution of dust, and the scene of cleaning is terrible), or constantly buy paper dust bags to replace.
2.Bagless Vacuum Cleaner
Compared to the basic bag type, the bagless vacuum cleaner Dust filtration is relatively complex, mainly divided into two types: cyclone and water filtration.
1) cyclone filtration
The cyclone type was first invented by Dyson, which uses a cyclone to separate and then collect dust The filter design can reduce clogging, make the horizontal suction more durable and strong, and the air can be discharged after filtering to prevent secondary pollution.
However, it should be noted that not all vacuum cleaners with a dust box can create a cyclone to filter the dust. Part of the dust box has a narrow space, and the airflow cannot form a cyclone inside, and can only be filtered by a filter. This is actually not much different from the dust bag type, but the bag is replaced by a plastic box.
The working principle of the cyclone vacuum cleaner: the high-speed centrifugal force formed by the rotation of the air in the dust collecting bucket is used to separate the dust gas. The dust falls into the dust bin due to gravity, and the separated Air is exhausted through a motor protection filter and HEPA filtration.
Although the use of plastic dust bins instead of dust bags reduces the consumption of subsequent dust bags, it does not fundamentally solve the problems of dust and cleaning during dumping. Most of the dust bins are made of transparent resin materials, so the unbearable hair and waste inside can be seen at a glance when cleaning. And without a dust bag, it does not mean that there are no subsequent accessories that are consumed, and the cost of the HEPA filter still exists. Because the HEPA filter is a disposable product, it cannot be cleaned thoroughly. If it is a filter that can be washed with water, the filtering effect will generally be much worse.
2) Water Filtration
Water filtration vacuums are the best of the three. However, there are pros and cons. The water filter cleaning is also the most troublesome of the three. Water must be drained every time it is used, and the water tank needs to be cleaned after use, otherwise it will easily become moldy, smelly and even rust. So difficult to serve does indeed require a diligent master.
The working principle of the water filter vacuum cleaner: using water as a filter medium, the dust and microorganisms are first dissolved and locked in the water, and then further filtered through the filter. The air discharged in this way is often cleaner than when inhaled, so there is no need to worry about secondary pollution.
In addition, the use of water as a medium has high requirements on the design of the product itself and the protection of motor water discharge, which is also the main reason for the uneven quality and price of water filtration in the market. If the budget is not large, it is recommended not to take risks.
