1. Composition of simple respirator
(1) Mask (mask material is silicone, PVC)
(2) One-way valve
(3) Sphere
(4) Air storage safety valve (the air storage valve of some respirator is at the rear of the respirator.
(5) Oxygen storage bag (or thick bellows)
(6) Oxygen conduit (the other end of the oxygen conduit is connected to the oxygen container)
Some balloons are also equipped with toxic gas filters, mouthpieces, oropharyngeal airways, etc.
If there is no toxic gas at the rescue site, you can only connect the air bag and oxygen catheter. If there are many people on the scene for rescue, the action of connecting the oxygen tube and the air storage bag is performed by an assistant. The mouthpiece is suitable for use when the mouth is tightly closed and the oropharyngeal airway cannot enter the mouth.
2. Contraindications for the use of simple respirator
1. Tension pneumothorax without decompression and drainage, Mediastinal emphysema.
2. More than moderate hemoptysis.
3. Severe pulmonary cysts or bullae.
4. Hypovolemic shock is not before hyperemia.
5. Acute myocardial infarction.
Three. How to use the simple respirator
The operation process of the simple respirator:
1. Put the patient on the pillow;
2. Open the airway and clear the oropharyngeal secretions;
3. (This part is optional) Insert the oropharyngeal airway to prevent tongue bite and tongue falling back;
4. The rescuer should be located behind the patient’s head, tilt the head back, and hold the forehead up to keep the airway open;
5. Fasten the mask to the mouth and nose, and use the CE method to fix the mask, that is, the thumb and forefinger press the mask tightly, and the other fingers press the forehead;
6. Squeeze the sphere with the other hand, To deliver gas into the lungs, squeeze the ball regularly to provide sufficient inspiratory/expiratory time (adults: 12-15 breaths/min, children: 14-20 breaths/min);
7 , The rescuer should pay attention to whether the patient has the following conditions to confirm that the patient is in normal ventilation;
(1) Watch the rise and fall of the patient’s chest (whether it rises and falls with the compression ball);
(2) Through the transparent part of the mask, observe the changes in the color of the patient’s lips and face;
(3) Through the transparent cover, observe whether the check valve is properly used;
(4) During exhalation, observe whether the mask is misty;
(5) When the simple respirator is ineffective, separate the simple respirator from the mask, connect the ventilator to the mask, and establish a non-invasive artificial airway .
4. Disinfection and maintenance of simple respirator
1. Among all simple respirator, only the silicone material can be repeatedly sterilized, and the other materials are only It can be wiped with disinfectant and is for single use only, and can be reused by a single patient.
2. Disassemble the accessories of the simple respirator in sequence, and soak them in 2% glutaraldehyde alkaline solution for 4 to 6 hours.
3. Rinse all accessories with sterilized distilled water after taking them out to remove residual disinfectant.
4. The air storage bag only needs to be wiped and disinfected. It is forbidden to soak in disinfectant because it is easily damaged.
5. In case of special infected patients, ethylene oxide can be used for fumigation and disinfection.
6. The sterilized parts should be completely dry and checked for damage, and the parts should be assembled in sequence.
V. Self-checking method of simple respirator
1. Check the air intake: press the balloon, block the ventilation valve, and the balloon quickly rebounds , indicating smooth air intake.
2. Check the airtightness of the air storage device: block the ventilation valve, press the balloon, and the balloon cannot be pressed down, indicating that there is no air leakage in the air storage device.
3. Check the ventilation condition: connect the air storage bag to the ventilation valve, press the balloon, the air storage bag is filled, the opening and closing direction of the duckbill valve is correct, and the ventilation is smooth, indicating that the ventilation valve is unobstructed and the ventilation direction is correct .
4. Detection of ventilation: after filling the air storage bag, press the air storage bag, and the valve flap of the ventilation valve swings up and down, indicating that the gas in the lungs can be exhaled, and the gas can be excreted when the patient breathes spontaneously.
5. Check the gas replenishment: fill the air bag, connect the air bag to the air inlet valve, press the balloon, the air bag is quickly emptied, indicating that when the ventilation is insufficient, the air bag can be removed from the air bag. Intake supplements.
6. Detect excessive gas discharge: fill the air storage bag, connect the air storage bag to the air inlet valve, press the air storage bag, and the valve of the air storage bag swings up and down, indicating that when there is excessive ventilation, it can be Air reservoir valve discharges.
7. Check the patency of the oxygen inlet: press the balloon to discharge the gas in the balloon to block the air inlet, and the balloon slowly rebounds, indicating that the oxygen inlet is unobstructed and the balloon can be filled with oxygen.
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