First, the structure of the sewage pump
Impeller
The sewage pump is the same as other pumps. , are the two core components of the sewage pump. The pros and cons of its performance also represent the pros and cons of the pump performance, the anti-clogging performance of the sewage pump, the level of efficiency, and the cavitation performance. The anti-abrasion performance is mainly guaranteed by the two components of the vane pump and the pressure water chamber. The following is an introduction:
Impeller structure type:
The structure of the impeller is divided into four categories: vane type (open type, closed type), swirl type, flow channel type , (including single flow channel and double flow channel) spiral centrifugal four.
The open semi-open impeller is easy to manufacture. When the impeller is blocked, it can be easily cleaned and maintained. However, in long-term operation, the abrasion of particles will cause the blades and the inner side of the pressurized water chamber to be damaged. The wall gap increases, which reduces efficiency. And the increase of the gap will destroy the pressure difference distribution on the blade. Not only a large amount of vortex loss is generated, but also the axial force of the pump will increase. At the same time, due to the increase of the gap, the stability of the flow state of the liquid in the flow channel will be destroyed, causing the pump to vibrate. This type of impeller is not easy to transport. For medium with large particles and long fibers, in terms of performance, this type of impeller has low efficiency, the highest efficiency is about 92% of that of ordinary closed impellers, and the lift curve is relatively flat.
Swirl impeller
The pump with this type of impeller is partially or completely retracted from the flow passage of the pressurized water chamber. Therefore, it has good non-blocking performance, strong particle passing ability and long fiber passing ability. The particles flow in the pressurized water chamber under the impetus of the vortex generated by the rotation of the impeller. The suspended particles themselves do not generate energy, but only exchange energy with the liquid in the flow channel. During the flow process, the suspended particles or long fibers do not contact the blades, the blades are more worn, and the gap is not enlarged due to abrasion, and the efficiency will not be seriously reduced in long-term operation. Type impeller pumps are suitable for pumping media containing large particles and long fibers.
In terms of performance, the impeller has low efficiency, only about 70% of that of ordinary closed impellers, and the lift curve is relatively flat.
Closed impeller
This type of impeller normally has higher efficiency. And in long-term operation, the situation is relatively stable, the axial force of the pump using this type of impeller is small, and auxiliary blades can be set on the front and rear cover plates. The auxiliary vanes on the front cover plate can reduce the vortex loss at the impeller inlet and the wear of the sealing ring by the particles. The auxiliary vanes on the rear cover plate not only play the role of balancing the axial force, but also can prevent suspended particles from entering the mechanical seal cavity to protect the mechanical seal. However, this type of impeller has poor non-blocking properties and is easy to wind, so it is not suitable for pumping untreated sewage media containing large particles (long fibers).
Flow channel impeller
This type of impeller belongs to the impeller without blades, and the flow channel of the impeller is a curved flow channel from the inlet to the outlet. Therefore, it is suitable for pumping media containing large particles and long fibers. Good blocking resistance.
In terms of performance, the high efficiency of this type of impeller is not much different from that of ordinary closed impeller, but the head curve of this type of impeller pump is relatively steep. The power curve is relatively stable, and it is not easy to cause the problem of overpower, but the cavitation performance of this type of impeller is not as good as that of ordinary closed impellers, and it is especially suitable for pumps with pressure inlets.
Spiral centrifugal impeller
The blade of this type of impeller is a twisted helical blade, which extends axially from the suction port on the conical hub body. The pump of this type of impeller has both the functions of a positive displacement pump and a centrifugal pump. When the suspended particles flow through the blades, they do not hit any part of the pump, so the damage is good. The damage to the conveyed material is small. Due to the propulsive action of the screw, the suspended particles have strong passing properties, so the pump using this type of impeller is suitable for pumping media containing large particles and long fibers, as well as high-concentration media. It has obvious characteristics in the occasions where there are strict requirements for the destruction of the conveying medium.
In terms of performance, the pump has a steep head curve and a flat power curve.
Pressurized water chamber
The most common pressurized water chamber used in sewage pumps is a volute, and in built-in submersible pumps, radial guide vanes or Runner vanes. There are three types of volutes: spiral type, annular type and intermediate type. Spiral volutes are basically not used in sewage pumps. The annular pressure water chamber is widely used in small sewage pumps due to its simple structure and convenient manufacturing. However, due to the emergence of the intermediate type (semi-spiral) pressurized water chamber, the application range of the annular pressurized water chamber has gradually become smaller. Because the intermediate type pressurized water chamber has both the high efficiency of the spiral and the high permeability of the annular pressurized water chamber.
Second, maintenance of sewage pump
1. Check whether the sewage pump pipeline and joints are loose. Turn the sewage pump by hand to see if the sewage pump is flexible.
2. Add bearing lubricating oil into the bearing body, observe that the oil level should be at the center line of the oil mark, and the lubricating oil should be replaced or supplemented in time.
3. Unscrew the water diversion plug of the sewage pump body, and pour water diversion (or slurry diversion). Self-priming sewage pump
4. Close the gate valve, outlet pressure gauge and inlet vacuum gauge of the water outlet pipeline.
5. Jog the motor to see if the direction of the motor is correct.
6. Turn on the motor. When the sewage pump is running normally, open the outlet pressure gauge and the inlet vacuum pump and see if they show proper pressure, then gradually open the gate valve and check the motor load at the same time.
7. Try to control the flow and head of the sewage pump within the range indicated on the sign to ensure that the sewage pump operates at the highest efficiency point, so as to obtain the greatest energy saving effect.
8. During the operation of the sewage pump, the bearing temperature should not exceed the ambient temperature of 35℃, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 80℃.
9. If abnormal sound is found in the sewage pump, stop immediately to check the reason.
10. When the sewage pump is to be stopped, first close the gate valve and pressure gauge, and then stop the motor.
11. In the first month of operation, the sewage pump should replace the lubricating oil after 100 hours, and change the oil every 500 hours after that.
12. Regularly adjust the packing gland to ensure that the dripping condition in the packing chamber is normal (it is advisable to leak out in drops).
13. Regularly check the wear of the shaft sleeve, and replace it in time when the wear is large.
14. When the sewage pump is used in the cold winter season, after stopping, the drain plug at the bottom of the pump body should be unscrewed to drain the medium. Prevent freeze cracking.
15. If the sewage pump is out of use for a long time, it is necessary to disassemble all the pumps, wipe off the water, and coat the rotating parts and joints with grease.
Declare: The above methods are derived from the program system index or shared by netizens. They are for your reference only and do not represent the research views of this website. sex and authority.
