Wooden Ceiling Construction Technology Wood Modeling Ceiling Project
(1) General Regulations
1. The installation distance and connection method of boom and keel should meet the design requirements. Wooden hangers, wooden keels, shaped boards and wood veneers should be treated with anti-corrosion, fire-proof and moth-proof treatment.
2. Corresponding measures should be taken during transportation, handling, installation and storage of ceiling materials to prevent moisture, deformation and damage to the surface and corners of the board.
3. Heavy lamps, fans and other heavy equipment are strictly prohibited from being installed on the ceiling keel.
4. The variety and laying thickness of sound-absorbing and thermal insulation materials filled in the ceiling should meet the design requirements, and there should be anti-scattering measures.
5. The position of lamps, smoke detectors, sprinkler heads, tuyere grate and other equipment on the decorative panel should be reasonable and beautiful, and the junction with the decorative panel should be tight.
6. The connection between the ceiling and the wall and the curtain box should meet the design requirements.
7. For the shelving light veneer, the clamping device should be set according to the design requirements.
8. The type of adhesive should be selected according to the variety of veneer used.
(2) Quality requirements for main materials
1. The varieties, specifications and colors of materials used in the ceiling project should meet the design requirements. Veneer, metal keel should have product certificate. The moisture content of wooden hangers and wooden keels should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards.
2. The surface of the veneer should be flat, the edges should be neat, and the color should be consistent. The hole spacing of the perforated board should be neatly arranged; plywood, wood fiberboard and large core board should not be degummed or discolored.
3. Fire retardant coatings should have product qualification certificates and operating instructions.
(3) Construction points
1. The installation of the keel should meet the following requirements:
(1) It should be The design elevation is snapped on the surrounding walls. The elastic line should be clear and the position should be accurate.
(2) The main keel hanging point spacing and arching height should meet the design requirements. When there is no design requirement, the distance between the hanging points should be less than 1.2m, and the arch should be 1% to 3% of the short span of the room. After the main keel is installed, its position and elevation should be corrected in time.
(3) The boom should be straight, and the distance from the end of the main keel should not exceed 300mm. When the boom meets the equipment, the structure of the lifting point should be adjusted or the boom should be added.
(4) The secondary keel should be installed close to the main keel. The spacing between the secondary keels of the fixed plate shall not be greater than 600mm, and in humid areas and places, the spacing should be 300-400mm. When installing the decorative panel with countersunk head self-tapping screws, the width of the secondary keel at the joint shall not be less than 40mm.
(5) For the dark keel series, the two ends of the horizontal bracing keel should be connected to the secondary keel of full length with connecting pieces. The gap between the cross-bracing keel of the Ming keel series and the lap joint of the full-length keel shall not be greater than 1mm.
(6) The side keel should be snapped according to the design requirements and fixed on the surrounding walls.
(7) Completely correct the position and flatness of the main and secondary dragons, and the connecting pieces should be installed in dislocation.
2. Before installing the decorative panel, the debugging and acceptance of the pipes and equipment in the ceiling should be completed.
3. Before installing the decorative panel, it should be classified and selected according to the specifications and colors.
4. Dark keel veneer (including gypsum board, fiber cement compression board, plywood, metal square board, metal strip board, plastic strip board, gypsum board, calcium plastic board, mineral The installation of cotton board and grille, etc.) should comply with the following requirements:
(1) The wooden keel is used as the skeleton, and wood screws should be used to fix the installation by nailing, and the plywood can be fixed with iron nails.
(2) When the metal decorative panel is fixed with hanging connectors and plug connectors, it should be placed in accordance with the provisions of the product manual.
(3) When the composite adhesive method is used for installation, the board must not vibrate strongly before the adhesive is not fully cured.
(4) Main machinery and tools
1. Machinery: hand saw, small table planer, hand drill, electric hammer.
2. Hand tools: wood planer, wire planer, saw, chisel, hammer, screwdriver, shaking drill, etc.
(5) Operating conditions
1. All kinds of pipelines and ventilation pipes in the ceiling should be installed and go through the formalities.
2. The wooden keel that is in direct contact with the structure should be pre-painted with preservatives.
3. For the ceiling room, wet work on the wall and ground and waterproofing of the countertop are required.
4. Set up the roof construction operation platform frame.
(6) Operational process
1. Process flow
Roof elevation elastic horizontal line → keel grading line → installation of water and electricity Pipeline facilities → installation of large keel → installation of small keel → anti-corrosion and fire prevention treatment → installation of cover panel → installation of beading
2. Elastic line: according to the level line of the floor, follow the height of the wall to the design level of the ceiling, along the surrounding of the wall The level line of the bomb ceiling, and the grading position line of the keel is drawn on the surrounding level line.
3. Install the large keel: bend the pre-embedded steel bar into a circular hook, wear 8# galvanized iron wire or fix the large keel with Φ6—Φ8 bolts, and ensure its design elevation. The arching of the ceiling is designed according to the design requirements. When the design has no requirements, it is generally 1/200-1/300 of the room span.
4. Install the small keel
①The bottom surface of the small keel should be planed, scraped, and the thickness of the section should be consistent.
②The spacing between small keels should be according to the design requirements. If there is no design requirement, it should be determined according to the specifications of the cover panel, generally 300×500mm.
③Firstly locate and install the two long side keels according to the grading line. After pulling the line, each keel should be at the elevation of the arch, and fix the small keel on the big keel with round nails through the short boom. To be staggered one by one, do not hang nails on the same side of the keel. The butt joints of the full-length small keels should be staggered, and the double-sided splint should be used for dislocation nailing with round nails, and at least two nails should be nailed on each side of the joint.
④Installation of the small keel: According to the elevation of the full-length small keel, between the two full-length small keels, according to the block size and seam requirements of the cover panel, on the bottom of the full-length small keel Horizontally spring the grading line, and use the bottom leveling nail to fix the small keel.
5. Anti-rust and fire-proof treatment: All exposed iron parts in the ceiling and nail cover panels must be painted with fire-proof paint, and the contact surface between the wooden frame and the structure should be treated with anti-corrosion.
6. Installation of pipeline facilities: After the ceiling elevation line is played, the water and electrical equipment pipelines in the ceiling should be installed. Heavier hanging objects should not be hung on the ceiling keel.
7. Installation of cover panels: There are many varieties of ceiling cover panels installed on the bottom surface of the wooden frame, which should be constructed according to the design requirements of varieties, specifications and fixing methods. The fixing method of the cover panel and the wooden frame is fixed with wood screws.
(VII) Quality Standard
Quality acceptance shall be carried out in accordance with “Code for Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration Engineering” (GB50210-2001).
1. General regulations
(1) The following documents and records should be checked during the acceptance of the ceiling project:
1) The construction drawings, design instructions and other design files.
2) The product qualification certificate, performance test report, entry acceptance record and re-inspection report of the material.
3) Concealed engineering acceptance records.
4) Construction records.
(2) The formaldehyde content of artificial boards shall be re-examined for the ceiling project.
(3) The following concealed projects should be checked and accepted for the ceiling project:
1) Installation of pipes and equipment in the ceiling and pressure test of water pipes.
2) The wood keel is fire-proof and anti-corrosion treatment.
3) Embedded parts or tie bars.
4) Boom installation.
5) keel installation.
6) The setting of filling material.
(4) The inspection batch of each sub-project shall be divided according to the following regulations:
For each 50 ceiling projects of the same type (large-area rooms and corridors are based on the ceiling area of 30㎡). One room) shall be divided into one inspection lot, and less than 50 rooms shall also be divided into one inspection lot.
(5) The number of inspections should meet the following requirements:
At least 10% of each inspection lot should be inspected randomly. There should not be less than 3 rooms, and if there are less than 3 rooms, all of them should be inspected.
(6) Before installing the keel, the handover inspection shall be carried out on the clear height of the room, the elevation of the opening and the elevation of the pipes, equipment and other supports in the ceiling according to the design requirements.
(7) The wooden suspenders, wooden keels and wooden veneer panels of the ceiling project must be treated with fire protection, and shall comply with the relevant design fire protection regulations.
(8) Anti-rust treatment shall be carried out on the embedded parts, steel suspenders and section steel suspenders in the ceiling project.
(9) The debugging and acceptance of the pipes and equipment in the ceiling should be completed before installing the decorative panel.
(10) The distance between the boom and the end of the main keel shall not be greater than 300mm. When it is greater than 300mm, the boom shall be added. When the length of the boom is greater than 1.5m, anti-bracing shall be provided. When the boom meets the equipment, the boom should be adjusted and added.
(11) Heavy lamps, fans and other heavy equipment are strictly prohibited to be installed on the keel of the ceiling project.
2. Main control items
(1) The ceiling elevation, size, arching and shape should meet the design requirements.
Inspection method: observation; ruler inspection.
(2) The material, variety, specification, pattern and color of the facing material shall meet the design requirements.
Inspection method: observation; check product certificate, performance test report, entry acceptance record and re-inspection report.
(3) The installation of suspension rods, keels and finishing materials of the keel ceiling project must be firm.
Inspection methods: observation; hand-wrench inspection; inspection of acceptance records and construction records of concealed works.
(4) The material, specification, installation distance and connection method of the boom and keel should meet the design requirements. Metal boom and keel should be treated with anti-embroidery on the surface.
Inspection methods: observation; scale inspection; inspection of product certificate, performance test report, entry acceptance record and concealed engineering acceptance record.
(5) The joints of the gypsum board shall be treated with crack prevention according to the construction technology standards. When installing double-layer gypsum board, the joints of the surface layer board and the base board should be staggered, and the joints should not be on the same keel.
Test method: observation.
3. General items
(1) The surface of the facing material should be clean, consistent in color, and free from warping, cracks and defects. The bead should be straight and consistent in width and width.
Inspection method: observation; ruler inspection.
(2) The position of lamps, smoke detectors, sprinkler heads, tuyere grate and other equipment on the decorative panel should be reasonable and beautiful, and the connection with the decorative panel should be consistent and tight.
Test method: observation.
(3) The joints of the metal suspenders and keels should be uniform, the corner seams should be matched, and the surface should be smooth without warping and hammer marks.
Inspection method: Check the acceptance records and construction records of concealed works.
(4) The type and thickness of sound-absorbing materials filled in the ceiling should meet the design requirements, and there should be anti-scattering measures.
Inspection method: Check the acceptance records and construction records of concealed works.
(5) The allowable deviation and inspection method for the installation of the dark keel wooden ceiling project shall comply with the provisions of the following table:
(8) Finished products Protection
1. During installation and construction, attention should be paid to the protection of various pipelines installed in the ceiling, and the suspension rods and keels of the wooden frame are not allowed to be fixed on ventilation pipes and other equipment.
2. The doors and windows that have been installed in the parts, the ground, walls and windowsills that have been constructed should be protected and prevented from damage.
3. The wood frame materials, especially the cover panels, should be properly managed in the process of entering, storing, and using, so that they will not be deformed, damaged by moisture, and not polluted.
(9) Quality issues that should be paid attention to
1. Uneven ceiling: The elevation positioning of the small keel is not accurate during installation. During construction, the line should be pulled so that the full-length small keel can meet the requirements of arching, so that the elevation position is accurate.
2. The wooden frame is not strong enough: the connection method between the large keel and the hanging, and the method of nailing the keel should meet the requirements of the design and construction specifications.
3. The gap between the blocks of the cover panel is not straight, and the width is inconsistent. During construction, attention should be paid to the size of the block, the size of the block, and the correct installation position.
4. The seam and edge bars are not tight and straight: the position line should be stretched during construction, the seam of the cover panel should be straight, and the seam bar and the cover panel should be close and compact.
