[Cyclone Dust Collector]Working Principle of Cyclone Dust Collector Advantages and Disadvantages of Cyclone Dust Collector
What is a cyclone dust collector strong>
It is composed of intake pipe, exhaust pipe, cylinder, cone and ash hopper.
The cyclone dust collector has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, install and maintain, and has low equipment investment and operating costs. It has been widely used to separate solid and liquid particles from airflow, or to separate solid particles from liquid. .
Under normal operating conditions, the centrifugal force acting on the particles is 5 to 2500 times that of gravity, so the efficiency of the cyclone is significantly higher than that of the gravity settling chamber. Using this principle basis, a cyclone dust removal device with a dust removal efficiency of more than 90% was successfully developed.
Among the mechanical dust collectors, the cyclone dust collector is the most efficient one. It is suitable for the removal of non-viscous and non-fibrous dust, mostly used to remove particles above 5μm, and the parallel multi-tube cyclone device also has a dust removal efficiency of 80-85% for particles of 3μm. The cyclone dust collector constructed of special metal or ceramic materials with high temperature resistance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance can be operated under the conditions of temperature up to 1000℃ and pressure up to 500×105Pa.
Considering the technical and economic aspects, the pressure loss control range of the cyclone dust collector is generally 500-2000Pa. Therefore, it is a medium-efficiency dust collector and can be used for the purification of high-temperature flue gas. Its main disadvantage is its low removal efficiency for fine dust particles (<5μm).
The principle of cyclone dust removal
Cyclone dust collector is a type of dust removal device. The dust removal mechanism is to make the dust-laden air flow rotate, separate the dust particles from the air flow by means of centrifugal force and capture them on the wall of the device, and then use the action of gravity to make the dust particles fall into the ash hopper. Each component of the cyclone dust collector has a certain size ratio. The change of each proportional relationship can affect the efficiency and pressure loss of the cyclone dust collector. The diameter of the dust collector, the size of the air inlet, and the diameter of the exhaust pipe are the main influencing factors. . When using it, it should be noted that when a certain limit is exceeded, favorable factors can also be transformed into unfavorable factors. In addition, some factors are beneficial to improve the dust removal efficiency, but will increase the pressure loss, so the adjustment of each factor must be taken into account.
How to choose a cyclone dust collector?
1. Selection principle of cyclone dust collector
1) The amount of purified gas of cyclone dust collector should be the same as the actual dust-containing gas to be treated the same amount. The diameter of the cyclone dust collector should be selected as small as possible. If the required air volume is large, it is advisable to use several small diameter cyclone dust collectors in parallel.
2) The inlet air speed of the dust collector should be maintained at 18~23m/s. When it is too low, the dust removal efficiency will decrease: when it is too high, the resistance loss and power consumption will increase, and the dust removal efficiency will not be improved significantly.
3) The selected cyclone dust collector has small resistance loss, low power consumption, simple structure and easy maintenance.
4) The minimum dust particles that can be captured by the cyclone dust collector should be slightly smaller than the dust particle size in the gas being treated.
5) When the temperature of the dust-laden gas is very high, the cyclone dust collector should be equipped with thermal insulation facilities to prevent moisture from condensing in it and affecting the dust removal effect.
2. Selection steps of cyclone dust collector
1) First, determine the amount of gas to be treated by calculation. when the gas temperature. When the density, water vapor content, etc. change greatly, the gas volume should be converted in order to determine the diameter of the dust collector.
2) Determine the airflow velocity at the inlet of the dust collector according to the amount of gas to be treated. Then determine whether the cyclone dust collectors are used in parallel.
3) Calculate the dust particle size at the separation interface of the dust collector and the expected dust removal efficiency according to the given conditions. Or directly select according to the table “Main technical performance of cyclone dust collector”; or check the performance data with the calculation results.
4) The dust collector must be equipped with a dust discharge valve with good air tightness to prevent air leakage from the lower part of the dust collector body and ensure the dust removal effect.
5) When used in parallel, the cyclone dust collectors must be of the same model and specification, and the connecting air ducts should be reasonably designed to make the gas volume processed by each dust collector equal, so as to avoid the occurrence of tandem between the dust collectors. flow phenomenon and reduce the dust removal efficiency.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cyclone dust collectors
The main advantages of cyclone dust collectors are as follows
( 1) There are no moving parts inside the cyclone. Easy to maintain.
(2) The production and management are very convenient.
(3) Small volume, simple structure and low price under the same air volume.
(4) When used as a pre-dust collector, it can be installed vertically, which is convenient to use.
(5) When dealing with large air volume, it is convenient to use multiple units in parallel, and the efficiency resistance is not affected.
(6) It can withstand high temperature of 400 ℃. If special high temperature resistant materials are used, it can also withstand higher temperatures.
(7) After the dust collector is equipped with a wear-resistant lining, it can be used to purify the flue gas containing high abrasive dust.
(8) It can be dry cleaned, which is beneficial to the recovery of valuable dust.
Disadvantages of cyclone dust collector
(1) If the ash discharge valve leaks, it will seriously affect the dust removal efficiency.
(2) Serious wear, especially when dealing with high-concentration or abrasive dust, the entrance and the cone are easy to wear.
(3) The dust removal efficiency is not high (the efficiency is low for capturing fine dust with a particle size less than 5um and dust with a small dust particle density), and it can sometimes not meet the requirements of dust-containing gas emission concentration when used alone. .
(4 Since the dust removal efficiency decreases with the increase of the cylinder diameter, the processing air volume of a single dust collector is limited to a certain extent.
