Nebulization therapy refers to the use of a nebulizer device to vaporize the liquid medicine, and then inhaled into the trachea and lungs through the respiratory tract to achieve the effect of treating diseases. Atomization therapy is suitable for diseases of the respiratory system, such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic bronchitis, etc., and has the advantages of less dosage, less side effects, and convenient use. So what is the role of nebulization therapy? Are there any caveats? The following will introduce the correct method of atomization treatment.
What is atomization treatment? The principle of atomization
The principle of atomization is to use the high-speed airflow generated by the atomizer, or Using the high-speed airflow of the oxygen device itself, the liquid medicine is impacted to form a mist, that is, a tiny particle. Through human natural respiration, it reaches the respiratory tract and lungs, so that the drug can be evenly distributed to the target organs of the respiratory tract or lungs, resulting in corresponding drug efficacy.
What is the role of nebulization therapy: Improve lung ventilation: nebulizer is mainly for bronchiectasis and lung inflammation, cough and expectoration is mainly through the use of nebulizer inhalation It can be used to improve the ventilation of the lungs and relieve the symptoms of coughing and expectoration. For people with shortness of breath and frequent wheezing, aerosol inhalation can achieve a better therapeutic effect. Promote the excretion of sputum: After the tiny water molecules generated by atomization reach the lower respiratory tract, the mucus and secretions in the lower respiratory tract will be fully diluted with the particles, dust and bacteria entering the air. With the coughing action, it is excreted in time to remove all kinds of dust, particles and bacteria in the respiratory tract. Relieve airway mucosal edema: Aerosol inhalation mainly uses a nebulizer machine, which can be turned into a mist by using a nebulizer pump, and can enter the human throat tonsils and tracheal mucosa through normal breathing in time Above, the drug can be directly absorbed by the human body, can play a relatively good anti-inflammatory effect, can reduce the symptoms of airway mucosal edema in a short period of time, relieve the symptoms of throat edema, and can be used to control the secondary infection of inflammation. Protecting the respiratory tract: As far as I know, the atomization can add moisture while heating, so that the non-specific protective mechanism of respiratory tract heating and humidification is more perfect, and the stimulation of other factors is reduced. The non-specific protective mechanism of the respiratory tract is perfect, which can resist the erosion and invasion of the respiratory tract by various bacteria and pathogens in the air. Which effect is better between nebulization and taking medicine?
It is better to use nebulization or taking medicine, depending on the type of disease the patient has. If it is a respiratory type disease such as pharyngitis, cough, bronchitis, and pneumonia, the effect of taking medicine will be better than that of atomization. If it is an asthma-like disease or a throat edema-like disease, the effect of atomization will be better than that of taking medicine, but medicine is still needed for treatment. Taking medicine is a big cycle of the body, and atomization only plays an auxiliary therapeutic role.
Nebulized treatment formula 1. Expectorant:
Ambroxol hydrochloride (Mucosolvan) + normal saline.
This is suitable for patients with a lot of sputum and sticky sputum that is difficult to pass. It is particularly important to note that asthma patients should avoid using it as much as possible, because some asthma patients can cause aggravation of wheezing after coughing after inhalation. You can consider using simple normal saline atomized inhalation, which can also dilute sputum and promote expectoration.
2. Anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic:
Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection + Kumu Injection + Normal Saline
Suitable for bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. patient friend. It can play an anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effect. After the symptoms are relieved, reduce the dose, and stop the drug after 2-3 days. When the condition is serious, other treatments are required.
Antibacterial and antiviral
Bitter wood injection+normal saline
3. Suitable for influenza, common cold, acute rhinitis Friends of patients such as seizures. It is generally believed that it is effective in eliminating bacterial colonization in the upper respiratory tract and oropharynx. For lung infection, systemic medication is still required. Long-term inhalation can lead to the occurrence of bacterial resistance.
4. Asthma: Inhaled glucocorticoids: Fluticasone propionate, beclomethasone propionate, budesonide, etc. are used more clinically. Inhaled beta agonists: divided into long-acting and short-acting. The short-acting drug is used for clinical acute attack control, and the typical drug is albuterol. Long-acting drugs are used in the control period and remission period, and the commonly used drugs are salmeterol. Inhaled anticholinergic drugs: The most commonly used is ipratropium bromide. Correct use of atomizers Types of atomizers Ultrasonic atomizers: The amount of atomization is large, but the atomized particles are relatively large. Typically, the MMD (median diameter) is about 9 microns. It cannot enter the lower respiratory tract, so it is generally suitable for upper respiratory tract treatment. Compressed nebulizer: The atomized particles are small, generally within 5 microns of MMD, which can be deposited in the lower respiratory tract, and is generally suitable for the treatment of the lower respiratory tract. Micro-mesh nebulizer: The atomized particles are smaller, generally within 3 microns of MMD, and can be deposited in the lower respiratory tract, peripheral bronchi and alveoli. How to use the nebulizer Add medicine: Add medicine to the nebulizer according to the doctor’s instructions, and the medicine can be diluted with normal saline. But be careful not to increase or decrease the dosage at will. For the medicines that are not used up at one time, it is recommended to store them in the refrigerator at 2-8°C for no more than 24 hours, so as not to affect the efficacy of the medicine. Inhaling medicine: Turn on the power, hold the nozzle in your mouth after the indicator light is on, and inhale the aerosolized medicine until the aerosol disappears. It is recommended that patients avoid eating 30 minutes before the aerosol treatment, fully clear airway secretions, and do not apply oily creams. It is best to choose a sitting position during atomization inhalation. For those who cannot take a sitting position, the head can be raised and the chest is 30°, and infants and young children can be in a semi-recumbent position. The hand-held atomizer should be kept vertical to the ground to avoid liquid spillage. Cleaning and Maintenance: After turning off the switch, all parts of the atomizer must be rinsed with warm water and dried. After use, the accessories need to be naturally dried or wiped dry to avoid moisture, and the atomizer should be reassembled after it is completely dry. Key points for household atomizer selection Fine atomized particles: The proportion of atomized particles whose atomized particles are less than 5μm should be more than 50%. The larger the proportion of 5 μm atomized particles, the better the drug absorption effect. Working noise: The noise of a good quality compression atomizer is generally lower than 65 decibels, and the feeling of use is better. Drug residue: The lower the drug residue, the higher the utilization rate of the drug solution and the better performance. A good household atomizer should have a drug residue of less than 50ml. Portability: Household atomizers are used by individuals or a family alone, and are developed to meet the needs of use at any time, so if the portability is good, users can even take them when they go out. Precautions for nebulization therapy Mastering the indications: Before doing nebulization, you should master the indications, make an accurate judgment on the condition, and then give the correct drugs and doses according to different situations to avoid cause unnecessary trouble. Pay attention to the liquid volume: It is necessary to master the basic situation of the atomizing device, especially the maximum liquid volume of the device, so as to avoid too much medicine and not fit, or too little medicine, which cannot work well and affect the atomization effect. Correct wearing: After wearing the atomizing device, check the airtightness, permeability and comfort of the atomizing device, so as not to have an important influence on the atomization effect. Rinse your mouth in time: Rinse your mouth in time after atomization treatment, rinse out unnecessary medicines in the oral cavity, which can reduce the side effects on the oral cavity. Nebulization time: It is best for patients to do nebulization on an empty stomach, because the drug can easily stimulate the throat and cause nausea reflex leading to vomiting. Atomization position: It is best to be in a semi-recumbent or sitting position, the supine position is less effective. Preparation before atomization Clean the nasal cavity to ensure the smooth inhalation of the medicine, clean the face and avoid applying oily skin care products to prevent lipid pneumonia.
