The internal structure of the smart meter The working principle of the smart meter

The internal structure of the smart meter The working principle of the smart meter

The smart meter is the smart terminal of the smart grid. It is no longer an electric energy meter in the traditional sense. In addition to the basic electricity metering function of traditional electric energy meters, in order to adapt to the use of smart grids and new energy, it also has two-way multi-rate metering functions, user-side control functions, and two-way data communication functions with multiple data transmission modes. function.

1Structure

Structurally, a smart meter is a dedicated microcomputer system, which is mainly composed of hardware and software. The hardware part mainly includes signal input channel, microcontroller or microcontroller and its peripheral circuits, standard communication interface, man-machine exchange channel, and output channel. The software part of the smart energy meter mainly includes two parts: monitoring program and interface management program. The monitoring program is oriented to the instrument panel keyboard and display, and the interface management program is mainly oriented to the communication interface.

2 principles

The user takes the IC card to the power supply department to pay for electricity purchase, and the power supply department uses the electricity sales management machine to write the purchased electricity into the IC card , the user holds the IC card and swipes the card in the induction area, then the power supply can be turned on, and the card is taken away after the power is supplied. When the remaining power in the smart meter is equal to the alarm power, the power off alarm (or buzzer alarm) will be triggered. At this time, the user can swipe the card in the induction area to restore the power supply; when the remaining power is zero, the power will be automatically switched off and the user The card must be used to pay for electricity again before the electricity can be restored.

The induction meter is mainly composed of aluminum plate, current and voltage coil, permanent magnet and other components. Its working principle is mainly measured by the interaction between the current coil and the eddy current induced in the movable lead plate. The electronic smart meter is mainly composed of electronic components. Its working principle is to firstly sample the user’s power supply voltage and current in real time, and then use a dedicated energy meter integrated circuit to process the sampled voltage and current signals, and convert them into The pulse output proportional to the electric energy is finally processed and controlled by the single-chip

computer, and the pulse is displayed as the electric power consumption and output. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2-1 [1]